hive返回星期几的方法
熟悉hive的人都知道,在原生版本中,目前并没有返回星期几的函数。为了解决这个问题,除了利用java自己编写udf外,也可以利用现有hive函数实现,笔者整理了以下内容供大家参考: hive返回星期几的方法:pmod(datediff(#date#, 2012年任意一个星期日的日期),
熟悉hive的人都知道,在原生版本中,目前并没有返回星期几的函数。为了解决这个问题,除了利用java自己编写udf外,也可以利用现有hive函数实现,笔者整理了以下内容供大家参考:
hive返回星期几的方法:pmod(datediff('#date#', '2012年任意一个星期日的日期'), 7) 。2012-01-01刚好是星期日,大家可以记忆为:方法:pmod(datediff('#date#', '2012-01-01'), 7) 返回值:int 说明:1、返回值为“0-6”(“0-6”分别表示“星期日-星期六”);2、需要注意pmod和 datediff 函数的使用方法.
解析:
1、datediff 是两个日期相减的函数,hive日期函数可以见附录:
日期相减函数:datediff
语法:datediff(string enddate, string startdate)
返回值: int
说明: 返回两个时间参数的相差天数。
2、 pmod 是正取余函数:
正取余函数 : pmod语法: pmod(int a, int b),pmod(double a, double b)
返回值: int double
说明: 返回正的a除以b的余数
特殊说明:
这个方法也不是唯一的方法,只是利用了datediff 和pmod函数的特点,组合使用而出。内部牛人分享的方法也可以达到相同的目的:
pmod(datediff(#date#, '1920-01-01') - 3, 7)
附录:hive日期函数
返回类型 | 函数 | 说明 |
string | from_unixtime(bigint unixtime[, string format]) | UNIX_TIMESTAMP参数表示返回一个值’YYYY- MM – DD HH:MM:SS’或YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.uuuuuu格式,这取决于是否是在一个字符串或数字语境中使用的功能。该值表示在当前的时区。 |
bigint | unix_timestamp() | 如果不带参数的调用,返回一个Unix时间戳(从’1970- 01 – 0100:00:00′到现在的UTC秒数)为无符号整数。 |
bigint | unix_timestamp(string date) | 指定日期参数调用UNIX_TIMESTAMP(),它返回参数值’1970- 01 – 0100:00:00′到指定日期的秒数。 |
bigint | unix_timestamp(string date, string pattern) | 指定时间输入格式,返回到1970年秒数:unix_timestamp(’2009-03-20′, ‘yyyy-MM-dd’) = 1237532400 参考:http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/java/text/SimpleDateFormat.html |
string | to_date(string timestamp) | 返回时间中的年月日: to_date(“1970-01-01 00:00:00″) = “1970-01-01″ |
string | to_dates(string date) | 给定一个日期date,返回一个天数(0年以来的天数) |
int | year(string date) | 返回指定时间的年份,范围在1000到9999,或为”零”日期的0。 |
int | month(string date) | 返回指定时间的月份,范围为1至12月,或0一个月的一部分,如’0000-00-00′或’2008-00-00′的日期。 |
int | day(string date) dayofmonth(date) | 返回指定时间的日期 |
int | hour(string date) | 返回指定时间的小时,范围为0到23。 |
int | minute(string date) | 返回指定时间的分钟,范围为0到59。 |
int | second(string date) | 返回指定时间的秒,范围为0到59。 |
int | weekofyear(string date) | 返回指定日期所在一年中的星期号,范围为0到53。 |
int | datediff(string enddate, string startdate) | 两个时间参数的日期之差。 |
int | date_add(string startdate, int days) | 给定时间,在此基础上加上指定【本文来自鸿网互联 (http://www.68idc.cn)】的时间段。 |
int | date_sub(string startdate, int days) | 给定时间,在此基础上减去指定的时间段。 |

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