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MySQL 基本命令的用法与注意事项

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:14 PM
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以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL 基本命令,我们一共是将其分成5大部分对其进行详细说明,可以说每一部分都是十分重要的,以下就是文章对MySQL 基本命令的具体内容的描述,望你会有所体会。 MySQL 基本命令 : 第一招、MySQL服务的启动和停止 net stop MySQL ne

以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL 基本命令,我们一共是将其分成5大部分对其进行详细说明,可以说每一部分都是十分重要的,以下就是文章对MySQL 基本命令的具体内容的描述,望你会有所体会。

MySQL 基本命令 :

第一招、MySQL服务的启动和停止

net stop MySQL

net start MySQL

第二招、登陆mysql

语法如下: mysql -u用户名 -p用户密码

键入mysql命令mysql -uroot -p, 回车后提示你输入密码,输入12345,然后回车即可进入到mysql中了,mysql的提示符是:

mysql>

注意,如果是连接到另外的机器上,则需要加入一个参数-h机器IP

第三招、增加新用户

格式:grant 权限 on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by "密码"

如,增加一个用户user1密码为password1,让其可以在本机上登录, 并对所有数据库有查询、插入、修改、删除的权限。首先用以root用户连入mysql,然后键入以下命令:

grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to user1@localhost Identified by "password1";

如果希望该用户能够在任何机器上登陆mysql,则将localhost改为"%"。

如果你不想user1有密码,可以再打一个mysql命令将密码去掉。

grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to user1@localhost identified by "";

第四招: 操作数据库

登录到mysql中,然后在mysql的提示符下运行下列命令,每个命令以分号结束。

1、 显示数据库列表。

show databases;

缺省有两个数据库:mysql和test。 mysql库存放着mysql的系统和用户权限信息,我们改密码和新增用户,实际上就是对这个库进行操作。

2、 显示库中的数据表:

use mysql;

show tables;

3、 显示数据表的结构:

describe 表名;

4、 建库与删库:

create database 库名;

drop database 库名;

5、 建表:

use 库名;

create table 表名(字段列表);

drop table 表名;

6、 清空表中记录:

delete from 表名;

7、 显示表中的记录:

select * from 表名;

第五招、导出和导入数据

1. 导出数据:

mysqldump --opt test > mysql.test

即将数据库test数据库导出到mysql.test文件,后者是一个文本文件

如:mysqldump -u root -p123456 --databases dbname > mysql.dbname

就是把数据库dbname导出到文件mysql.dbname中。

2. 导入数据:

mysqlimport -u root -p123456

不用解释了吧。

3. 将文本数据导入数据库:

文本数据的字段数据之间用tab键隔开。

use test;

load data local infile "文件名" into table 表名;

1:使用SHOW语句找出在服务器上当前存在什么数据库:

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

2:2、创建一个数据库MYSQLDATA

mysql> CREATE DATABASE MYSQLDATA;

3:选择你所创建的数据库

mysql> USE MYSQLDATA; (按回车键出现Database changed 时说明操作成功!)

4:查看现在的数据库中存在什么表

mysql> SHOW TABLES;

5:创建一个数据库表

mysql> CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (name VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1));

6:显示表的结构:

mysql> DESCRIBE MYTABLE;

7:往表中加入记录

mysql> insert into MYTABLE values ("hyq","M");

8:用文本方式将数据装入数据库表中(例如D:/mysql.txt)

mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "D:/mysql.txt" INTO TABLE MYTABLE;

9:导入.sql文件mysql命令(例如D:/mysql.sql)

mysql>use database;

mysql>source d:/mysql.sql;

10:删除表

mysql>drop TABLE MYTABLE;

11:清空表

mysql>delete from MYTABLE;

12:更新表中数据

mysql>update MYTABLE set sex="f" where name='hyq';

posted on 2006-01-10 16:21 happytian 阅读(6) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 收藏至365Key

13:备份数据库

mysqldump -u root 库名>xxx.data

14:例2:连接到远程主机上的MYSQL

假设远程主机的IP为:110.110.110.110,用户名为root,密码为abcd123。则键入以下mysql命令:

mysql -h110.110.110.110 -uroot -pabcd123

(注:u与root可以不用加空格,其它也一样)

3、退出MYSQL命令: exit (回车)


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