MySQL多线程同步MySQL-Transfer介绍
一、 关于 Transfer MySQL-Transefer(下称Transfer)是一个基于MySQL+patch后得到的主从同步工具。 其主要目的是为了解决原生版本的主从同步里,从库是单线程apply主库的binlog,导致的延迟。 最近完成测试的版本将multi-master (by P.Linux)合并到Transfer
一、关于Transfer
MySQL-Transefer(下称Transfer)是一个基于MySQL+patch后得到的主从同步工具。
其主要目的是为了解决原生版本的主从同步里,从库是单线程apply主库的binlog,导致的延迟。
最近完成测试的版本将multi-master (by P.Linux)合并到Transfer中并针对支付宝的应用需求做了定制性能改进。
这里做一个已经完成的完整功能介绍。
二、总体结构
说明:
1、Transfer可以注册成多个Master的从库
2、Transfer接收多个Master传入的binlog后将更新执行到Slave上
3、Transfer本地没有数据
如果你没有多主的需求,那结构就是Master -> Transfer -> Slave.
三、内部结构
既然是单线程造成的主从延迟,提升就需要用多线程来实现。
我们来看单主情况下的内部实现。
说明:左上角是Master, 右上角是Transfer,下面是Slave。
四、增加参数及对应说明
在my.cnf中新增如下几个参数:
remote_slave_hostname = Ip of Slave
remote_slave_username = root
remote_slave_password = root
remote_slave_port = Port of Slave
stop_slave_on_error = 1
remote_table_maps_file = ./table_maps
transfer_slave_thread = 10
说明:
1、 前四个是目标slave库的认证信息
2、 Stop_slave_on_error 一般建议配置为1,表示只要有一个线程执行出错,所有slave_io_thread都停止
3、 remote_table_maps_file路径指向本地文件,文件中每行格式为 “表1 表2”,表示在Transfer做同步时,将Master上所有对表1的操作都更新到表2.
4、 transfer_slave_thread是一个只读参数,控制Transfer有多少个线程做并发更新(若为1则表示串行更新,性能与官方版本相同)。一般建议配置为系统核数2倍。
五、一些说明
1、由于Transfer是在MySQL基础上打的patch,因此支持几乎所有MySQL的监控命令,你原来加在Slave上的监控,可以直接改到Transfer上。
2、 一般我们将Transfer和Slave放在同一个机器上(等于是装两个MySQL,一个是Transfer,一个是真正的slave)
3、 Transfer按照表名hash将不同表的更新分配到不同的线程,因此在多表环境下才能看得到性能提升
4、 Master的binlog格式必须设置成row
5、 若需要用到多个Master,给每个Master命令一个channel,命令 序列为 change master channel1 to master_log_file=xxx…… ; start slave channel1; 可以单独对一个chanel执行start\stop等命令
6、 若只需要一个master,则语法格式不变
六、性能效果
测试场景如下,在Master上的16个表并发分别插入10w行。期间先停止同步。插入完成后,再分别测试直接用原生版本主从和Transfer的性能。
主库插入耗时66.1s 。
|
耗时 |
平均tps |
MySQL主从 |
363s |
4402/s |
Transfer同步 |
66s |
24242/s |
七、Patch应用
下载地址。 基于5.1.48, patch –p0
示例my.cnf 从此下载,记得修改程序安装目录。

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