MySQL heap使用大汇总
以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL heap的具体使用大汇总,我们大家都知道内存表用哈希散列索引把相关的实际应用的数据保存在内存中,因此具有极快的速度,适合缓存中小型数据库,但是使用上受到一些限制,以下是蓝草使用的一些感受。 1、MySQL heap对所有用户的
以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL heap的具体使用大汇总,我们大家都知道内存表用哈希散列索引把相关的实际应用的数据保存在内存中,因此具有极快的速度,适合缓存中小型数据库,但是使用上受到一些限制,以下是蓝草使用的一些感受。
1、MySQL heap对所有用户的连接是可见的,这使得它非常适合做缓存。
2、仅适合使用的场合。heap不允许使用xxxTEXT和xxxBLOB数据类型;只允许使用=和操作符来搜索记录(不允许、=);不支持auto_increment;只允许对非空数据列进行索引(not null)。
注:操作符 “” 说明:NULL-safe equal.这个操作符和“=”操作符执行相同的比较操作,不过在两个操作码均为NULL时,其所得值为1而不为NULL,而当一个操作码为NULL时,其所得值为0而不为NULL。
3、一旦服务器重启,所有heap表数据丢失,但是heap表结构仍然存在,因为MySQL heap表结构是存放在实际数据库路径下的,不会自动删除。重启之后,heap将被清空,这时候对heap的查询结果都是空的。
4、如果heap是复制的某数据表,则复制之后所有主键、索引、自增等格式将不复存在,需要重新添加主键和索引,如果需要的话。
5、对于重启造成的数据丢失,有以下的解决办法:
a、在任何查询之前,执行一次简单的查询,判断heap表是否存在数据,如果不存在,则把数据重新写入,或者DROP表重新复制某张表。这需要多做一次查询。不过可以写成include文件,在需要用该heap表的页面随时调用,比较方便。
b、对于需要该heap表的页面,在该页面第一次且仅在第一次查询该表时,对数据集结果进行判断,如果结果为空,则需要重新写入数据。这样可以节省一次查询。
c、更好的办法是在MySQL每次重新启动时自动写入数据到MySQLheap,但是需要配置服务器,过程比较复杂,通用性受到限制。
蓝草目前采用的是第二种办法。
6、一些预期可能用到的sql语句
如果表存在,则删除
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `abc`; </span></span></li></ol>
复制整张表xyz为heap表abc(包含所有数据)
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>CREATE TABLE `abc` </span><span class="attribute">type</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">heap</span><span> select * from `xyz`; </span></span></li></ol>
添加主键id
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>ALTER TABLE `abc` ADD PRIMARY KEY (`id`); </span></span></li></ol>
添加索引username
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>ALTER TABLE `abc` ADD INDEX `abc` (`username`); </span></span></li></ol>
以上的相关内容就是对MySQL heap使用总结的介绍,望你能有所收获。

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