用Python操作Mysql和中文有关问题
用Python操作Mysql和中文问题 http://www.iteye.com/topic/573092 平时的主要编程语言是Java,开发时也主要用Mysql,经常为了测试,调试的目的需要操作数据库,比如备份,插入测试数据,修改测试数据,有些时候不能简单的用SQL就能完成任务,或都很好的完成任
用Python操作Mysql和中文问题http://www.iteye.com/topic/573092
平时的主要编程语言是Java,开发时也主要用Mysql,经常为了测试,调试的目的需要操作数据库,比如备份,插入测试数据,修改测试数据,有些时候不能简单的用SQL就能完成任务,或都很好的完成任务,用Java写又有点太麻烦了,就想到了Python。Python语法简洁,不用编译,可以经较好的完成任务。今天看了下Python对Mysql的操作,做一下记录。
首先,安装需要的环境,Mysql和Python就不说了,必备的东西。
主要是安装的MySQLdb,可以去sf.net下载,具体地址是http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/
如果用Ubuntu,直接
ubuntu: sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb
Fedora19: sudo yum -y install MySQL-python
安装完成之后可以在Pyth
import MySQLdb #注意大小写!!
如果不报错,就证明安装成功了,可能继续了
MySQLdb在Python中也就相当于JAVA中的MySQL的JDBC Driver,Python也有类似的数据接口规范Python DB API,MySQLdb就是Mysql的实现。操作也比较简单和其它平台或语言操作数据库一样,就是建立和数据库系统的连接,然后给数据库输入SQL,再从数据库获取结果。
先写一个最简单的,
创建一个数据库:
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 ################################### # @author migle # @date 2010-01-17 ################################## #MySQLdb 示例 # ################################## import MySQLdb #建立和数据库系统的连接 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='root',passwd='longforfreedom') #获取操作游标 cursor = conn.cursor() #执行SQL,创建一个数据库. cursor.execute("""create database python """) #关闭连接,释放资源 cursor.close();
创建数据库,创建表,插入数据,插入多条数据
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 ################################### # @author migle # @date 2010-01-17 ################################## #MySQLdb 示例 # ################################## import MySQLdb #建立和数据库系统的连接 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='root',passwd='longforfreedom') #获取操作游标 cursor = conn.cursor() #执行SQL,创建一个数据库. cursor.execute("""create database if not exists python""") #选择数据库 conn.select_db('python'); #执行SQL,创建一个数据表. cursor.execute("""create table test(id int, info varchar(100)) """) value = [1,"inserted ?"]; #插入一条记录 cursor.execute("insert into test values(%s,%s)",value); values=[] #生成插入参数值 for i in range(20): values.append((i,'Hello mysqldb, I am recoder ' + str(i))) #插入多条记录 cursor.executemany("""insert into test values(%s,%s) """,values); #关闭连接,释放资源 cursor.close();
查询和插入的流程差不多,只是多了一个得到查询结果的步骤
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 ###################################### # # @author migle # @date 2010-01-17 # ###################################### # # MySQLdb 查询 # ####################################### import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='longforfreedom',db='python') cursor = conn.cursor() count = cursor.execute('select * from test') print '总共有 %s 条记录',count #获取一条记录,每条记录做为一个元组返回 print "只获取一条记录:" result = cursor.fetchone(); print result #print 'ID: %s info: %s' % (result[0],result[1]) print 'ID: %s info: %s' % result #获取5条记录,注意由于之前执行有了fetchone(),所以游标已经指到第二条记录了,也就是从第二条开始的所有记录 print "只获取5条记录:" results = cursor.fetchmany(5) for r in results: print r print "获取所有结果:" #重置游标位置,0,为偏移量,mode=absolute | relative,默认为relative, cursor.scroll(0,mode='absolute') #获取所有结果 results = cursor.fetchall() for r in results: print r conn.close()
中文问题:
#!/usr/bin/python # coding=gbk # 要设定这个,否在有问题 # 说明:数据库是utf-8_bin的格式 import sys import requests import re import MySQLdb from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup url = "http://sh.house.163.com/13/0929/09/99U877FR00073SDJ.html" req = requests.get(url) #print req.content bp = BeautifulSoup(req.content) title = bp.findAll(id=re.compile("h1title")) endText = bp.findAll(id=re.compile("endText")); # 以utf-8的格式读出来 #charset="utf8" 这里是GBK也没问题 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="192.168.0.196", user="root", passwd="", db="python", charset="utf8") cursor = conn.cursor() # 从页面的iso-8895-1编码成GBK values = [title[0].text.encode("iso-8859-1").decode("GBK"), endText[0].text.encode("iso-8859-1").decode("GBK")]; #values = ["好人".decode("gbk").encode("utf-8"), "好人".decode("gbk").encode("utf-8")]; cursor.execute("insert into test(title,text) value(%s,%s)", values) cursor.close() conn.close()

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