Home Database Mysql Tutorial <转>深入mysql慢查询设立的详解

<转>深入mysql慢查询设立的详解

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:15 PM
amp mysql Inquire go deep Detailed explanation

转深入mysql慢查询设置的详解 原链接:http://www.jb51.net/article/38274.htm 在web开发中,我们经常会写出一些SQL语句,一条糟糕的SQL语句可能让你的整个程序都非常慢,超过10秒一般用户就会选择关闭网页,如何优化SQL语句将那些运行时间 比较长的SQL语句找

深入mysql慢查询设置的详解
原链接:http://www.jb51.net/article/38274.htm

在web开发中,我们经常会写出一些SQL语句,一条糟糕的SQL语句可能让你的整个程序都非常慢,超过10秒一般用户就会选择关闭网页,如何优化SQL语句将那些运行时间 比较长的SQL语句找出呢?MySQL给我们提供了一个很好的功能,那就是慢查询!所谓的慢查询就是通过设置来记录超过一定时间的SQL语句!那么如何应用慢查询呢?
1.开启MySQL的慢查询日志功能
默认情况下,MySQL是不会记录超过一定执行时间的SQL语句的。要开启这个功能,我们需要修改MySQL的配置文件,windows下修改my.ini,Linux下修改my.cnf文件,在[mysqld]最后增加如下命令:
复制代码 代码如下:

slow_query_log
long_query_time = 1

2.测试慢查询日志功能
(1)进入MySql控制台,执行如下语句:
复制代码 代码如下:

select sleep(2);

mysql> select sleep(2);
+----------+
| sleep(2) |
+----------+
|        0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (2.12 sec)
(2)查看慢查询日志文件think-slow.log,在文件最后发现:
复制代码 代码如下:

# Time: 121120 20:06:23
# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [127.0.0.1]
# Query_time: 2.104120  Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 1  Rows_examined: 0
SET timestamp=1353413183;
select sleep(2);

3.解释:
(1)slow_query_log 这句是开启记录慢查询功能,slow_query_log=0关闭;slow_query_log=1开启(这个1可以不写)
(2)long_query_time = 1 这句是记录超过1秒的SQL执行语句
(3)那么这个日志文件存放在什么地方呢?
默认是放在mysql的data目录,并且文件名为host_name-slow.log即 主机名-slow.log,比如在笔者的开发机上就是THINK-slow.log(因为偶用的Thinkpad,呵呵)
(4)如果日志文件不想放在data目录,我们可以通过如下配置指定存放的目录及日志文件名:
slow_query_log_file=file_name
其中file_name就是你的存放日志的目录和文件名,在这里注意有的资料上可能是log-slow-queries=file_name,这个在mysql5.5版已经过时!
4.如何记录低于1s的慢查询记录呢?
MySQL5.21版以前long_query_time 参数的单位是秒,默认值是10。这相当于说最低只能记录执行时间超过 1 秒的查询,怎么记录查询时间超过100毫秒的SQL语句记录呢?在mysql5.21+后版本支持毫秒记录
(1)进入MySql控制台,运行如下sql语句:
复制代码 代码如下:

set global long_query_time=0.1

该句是设置记录慢查询超过时间100ms的SQL,记住要重启mysql才能生效!
(2)测试
进入mysql控制台,执行如下sql语句:
复制代码 代码如下:

select sleep(0.5);

查看慢查询日志文件,我们看到最后添加的新信息:
复制代码 代码如下:

# Time: 121120 20:42:06
# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [127.0.0.1]
# Query_time: 0.500028  Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 1  Rows_examined: 0
SET timestamp=1353415326;
select sleep(0.5);
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