Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySql ibdata1文件太大怎么缩小

MySql ibdata1文件太大怎么缩小

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:15 PM
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MySql ibdata1文件太大如何缩小 MySql innodb如果是共享表空间,ibdata1文件越来越大,达到了30多个G,对一些没用的表进行清空: truncate table xxx; 然后optimize table xxx; 没有效果 因为对共享表空间不起作用。 mysql ibdata1存放数据,索引等,是MYSQL

MySql ibdata1文件太大如何缩小

MySql innodb如果是共享表空间,ibdata1文件越来越大,达到了30多个G,对一些没用的表进行清空:
truncate table xxx;
然后optimize table xxx; 没有效果
因为对共享表空间不起作用。
mysql ibdata1存放数据,索引等,是MYSQL的最主要的数据。

如果不把数据分开存放的话,这个文件的大小很容易就上了G,甚至几十G。对于某些应用来说,并不是太合适。因此要把此文件缩小。
无法自动收缩,必须数据导出,删除ibdata1,然后数据导入,比较麻烦,因此需要改为每个表单独的文件。

解决方法:数据文件单独存放(共享表空间如何改为每个表独立的表空间文件)。
步骤如下:

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1)备份数据库

从命令行进入MySQL Server 5.0\bin
备份全部数据库,执行命令
D:\>mysqldump -q -umysql -ppassword --add-drop-table --all-databases > c:/all.sql

做完此步后,停止数据库服务。

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2)找到my.ini或my.cnf文件
linux下执行 ./mysqld --verbose --help | grep -A 1 'Default options'
会有类似显示:
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf /usr/local/service/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf

windows环境下可以:
mysqld --verbose --help > mysqlhelp.txt
notepad mysqlhelp.txt
在里面查找Default options,可以看到查找my.ini的顺序,以找到真实目录

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3)修改mysql配置文件
打开my.ini或my.cnf文件
[mysqld]下增加下面配置
innodb_file_per_table=1

验证配置是否生效,可以重启mysql后,执行
show variables like '%per_table%'
看看innodb_file_per_table变量是否为ON

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4)删除原数据文件

删除原来的ibdata1文件及日志文件ib_logfile*,删除data目录下的应用数据库文件夹(mysql文件夹不要删)

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5)还原数据库

启动数据库服务

从命令行进入MySQL Server 5.0\bin
还原全部数据库,执行命令mysql -uusername -pyourpassword

经过以上几步后,可以看到新的ibdata1文件就只有几十M了,数据及索引都变成了针对单个表的小ibd文件了,它们在相应数据库的文件夹下面。

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