不同服务器上的mysql数据库如何实现同步异步备份
1.服务器状态 服务器A:192.168.1.1 服务器B:192.168.1.2 2.创建同步用户 主机域A:192.168.1.2 用户名A:sync_a 密码A:aaa 主机域B:192.168.1.1 用户名B:sync_b 密码B:bbb 至少分配以下权限grant replication slave 3.执行flush privileges 4.停止MySQ
1.服务器状态
服务器A:192.168.1.1
服务器B:192.168.1.2
2.创建同步用户
主机域A:192.168.1.2 用户名A:sync_a 密码A:aaa
主机域B:192.168.1.1 用户名B:sync_b 密码B:bbb
至少分配以下权限grant replication slave
3.执行flush privileges
4.停止MySQL
5.配置my.cnf(my.ini)
服务器A 服务器B
user = mysql
log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 1
binlog-do-db = test
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-do-db = test
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors = all
sync_binlog = 1 user = mysql
log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 2
binlog-do-db = test
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-do-db = test
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors = all
sync_binlog = 1
server-id必须唯一
binlog-do-db和replicate-do-db表示需要同步的数据库
binlog-ignore-db和replicate-ignore-db表示不需要同步的数据库
请不要加入以下命令,该命令并不会解决uid跳号的问题,恰恰相反以下两行命令才是导致uid跳号的罪魁祸首
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 1
6.重新启动MySQL
7.进入MySQL控制台
服务器A:
show master status G
flush tables with read lock;
服务器B:
show master status G
flush tables with read lock;
同时记录下两台服务器的File和Position,此处假设:
A: File: mysql-bin.000001
Position: 001
B: File: mysql-bin.000002
Position: 002
服务器A:
change master to
-> master_host='192.168.1.2',
-> master_user='sync_b',
-> master_password='bbb',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
-> master_log_pos=002;
服务器B:
change master to
-> master_host='192.168.1.1',
-> master_user='sync_a',
-> master_password='aaa',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
-> master_log_pos=001;
此处填写的数据完全相反
8.执行show processlist G查看是否同步成功
方法二
两台服务器
192.168.1.1(A)
192.168.1.2(B)
先保证这mysql的版本是一致的,,参考#replication-implementation-details,否则复制中的异常情况很折腾人。
1.在两台mysql上创建用户,设置权限
A上添加:
#grant replication slave,replication client,reload,super on *.* to 'sync_user'@'192.168.1.2' identified by '123456' with grant option;//用于B访问
B上:
#grant replication slave,replication client,reload,super on *.* to 'sync_user'@'192.168.1.1' identified by '123456' with grant option;//用于A访问
执行 #flush privileges; 更新数据库使用户生效。
2.在/etc/my.cnf上进行相关配置
A B
server-id = 1
master-host =192.168.1.2
master-user =sync_user
master-pass =123456
master-port =3306
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-do-db =db1
replicate-do-db =db2
replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 2
master-host =192.168.1.1
master-user =sync_user
master-pass =123456
master-port =3306
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-do-db =db1
replicate-do-db =db2
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
注意
1.server_id必须为唯一.
2.如果想要同时同步多个库,添加多行replicate-do-db,每行指定一个数据库。不能使用replicate-do-db=db1,db2的形式
3.replicate-ignore-db:指定不进行同步的数据库。
保存后,重启mysql
#mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
#mysqld_safe --user=mysql
3.把两台服务器上需要同步的数据库进行拷贝,保证这两台数据库初始状态一致。
4.进行双向同步
双向同步就是把单向同步反过来在做一遍,但一定要注意操作的顺序,这是成功的关键
step1.在A上mysql shell中执行
#show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000054 | 35 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
记录下 mysql-bin.000054,和35
step2.在B上执行:
#stop slave;//停止同步
#
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='sync_user', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000054', MASTER_LOG_POS=35;
#start slave;//开始同步
step3,执行show slave statusG;如显示如下内容,表示同步设置成功。
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
step4:上一步没有问题。则在B上继续执行show master status;
#show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

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