解析MySQL中INSERT INTO SELECT的使用
1. 语法介绍 有三张表a、b、c,现在需要从表b和表c中分别查几个字段的值插入到表a中对应的字段。对于这种情况,可以使用如下的语句来实现: INSERT INTO db1_name (field1,field2) SELECT field1,field2 FROM db2_name 上面的语句比较适合两个表的数据互插,
1. 语法介绍
有三张表a、b、c,,现在需要从表b和表c中分别查几个字段的值插入到表a中对应的字段。对于这种情况,可以使用如下的语句来实现:
INSERT INTO db1_name (field1,field2) SELECT field1,field2 FROM db2_name
上面的语句比较适合两个表的数据互插,如果多个表就不适应了。对于多个表,可以先将需要查询的字段JOIN起来,然后组成一个视图后再SELECT FROM就可以了:
INSERT INTO a (field1,field2) SELECT * FROM(SELECT b.f1,c.f2 FROM b JOIN c) AS tb
其中f1是表b的字段,f2是表c的字段,通过JOIN查询就将分别来自表b和表c的字段进行了组合,然后再通过SELECT嵌套查询插入到表a中,这样就满足了这个场景了,如果需要不止2个表,那么可以多个JOIN的形式来组合字段。
2. 语法错误注意
需要注意的是嵌套查询部分最后一定要有设置表别名,如下:
SELECT * FROM (SELECT f1,f2 FROM b JOIN c) AS tb
即最后的AS tb是必须的(tb这个名称可以随意取),即指定一个别名。每个派生出来的新表都必须指定别名,否则在mysql中会报如下错误:
ERROR 1248 (42000): Every derived TABLE must have its own alias
另外,MySQL中INSERT INTO SELECT不能加VALUES,即不能写成如下形式:
INSERT INTO db1_name(field1,field2) VALUES SELECT field1,field2 FROM db2_name
否则也会报错:You have an error in your SQL syntax

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