SQL联合查询(内联、左联、右联、全联)的语法
概述: 联合查询效率较高,举例子来说明联合查询:内联inner join 、左联left outer join 、右联right outer join 、全联full outer join 的好处及用法。 联合查询效率较高,以下例子来说明联合查询(内联、左联、右联、全联)的好处: T1表结构 (用户名,密码
概述:
联合查询效率较高,举例子来说明联合查询:内联inner join 、左联left outer join 、右联right outer join 、全联full outer join 的好处及用法。
联合查询效率较高,以下例子来说明联合查询(内联、左联、右联、全联)的好处:
T1表结构
(用户名,密码)
userid
(int)
username
varchar(20)
password
varchar(20)
1
jack
jackpwd
2
owen
owenpwd
T2表结构
(用户名,密码)
userid
(int)
jifen
varchar(20)
dengji
varchar(20)
1
20
3
3
50
6
第一:内联(inner join)。
如果想把用户信息、积分、等级都列出来,那么一般会这样写:select * from T1 ,T3 where T1.userid = T3.userid(其实这样的结果等同于select * from T1 inner join T3 on T1.userid=T3.userid )。
把两个表中都存在userid的行拼成一行(即内联),但后者的效率会比前者高很多,建议用后者(内联)的写法。
SQL语句:select * from T1 inner join T2 on T1.userid=T2.userid
运行结果
T1.userid
username
password
T2.userid
jifen
dengji
1
jack
jackpwd
1
20
3
第二:左联(left outer join)。
显示左表T1中的所有行,并把右表T2中符合条件加到左表T1中;右表T2中不符合条件,就不用加入结果表中,并且NULL表示。
SQL语句:select * from T1 left outer join T2 on T1.userid=T2.userid
运行结果
T1.userid
username
password
T2.userid
jifen
dengji
1
jack
jackpwd
1
20
3
2
owen
owenpwd
NULL
NULL
NULL
第三:右联(right outer join)。
显示右表T2中的所有行,并把左表T1中符合条件加到右表T2中;左表T1中不符合条件,就不用加入结果表中,并且NULL表示。
SQL语句:select * from T1 right outer join T2 on T1.userid=T2.userid
运行结果
T1.userid
username
password
T2.userid
jifen
dengji
1
jack
jackpwd
1
20
3
NULL
NULL
NULL
3
50
6
第四:全联(full outer join)。
显示左表T1、右表T2两边中的所有行,即把左联结果表+右联结果表组合在一起,,然后过滤掉重复的。
SQL语句:select * from T1 full outer join T2 on T1.userid=T2.userid
运行结果
T1.userid
username
password
T2.userid
jifen
dengji
1
jack
jackpwd
1
20
3
2
owen
owenpwd
NULL
NULL
NULL
NULL
NULL
NULL
3
50
6
总结,关于联合查询,效率的确比较高,4种联合方式如果可以灵活使用,基本上复杂的语句结构也会简单起来。这4种方式是:1)Inner join 2)left outer join 3)right outer join 4)full outer join

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