Oracle三种表连接技术
Oracle有三种表连接技术,分别是嵌套连接、合并连接和哈希连接。 1. 嵌套循环连接 (NESTED LOOP Join) 嵌套连接把要处理的数据集分为外循环(驱动数据源)和内循环(被驱动数据源),外循环只执行一次(先执行),内循环执行的次数等于外循环执行的数据集个数。 这
Oracle有三种表连接技术,分别是嵌套连接、合并连接和哈希连接。
1. 嵌套循环连接 (NESTED LOOP Join)
嵌套连接把要处理的数据集分为外循环(驱动数据源)和内循环(被驱动数据源),外循环只执行一次(先执行),内循环执行的次数等于外循环执行的数据集个数。
这种连接的好处是内存使用非常少。
如果驱动数据源有限,且被驱动表在连接列上有相应的索引,则这种连接方式才是高效的。
在OLTP系统上常见到这种连接方式。
2. 排序合并连接 (Sort Merge Join)顾名思义,排序合并就是先分别对待连接的数据集进行排序,然后再合并,其执行过程大致为:对表A的数据集进行排序,,排序结果保存的工作区A中;对表B的数据集进行排序,排序结果保存在工作区B中;最后合并工作区A和B中的数据。
对这种连接方法,排序的开销是非常大的,和排序工作区相关的内存参数有:sort_area_size和sort_area_retained_size,都在在PGA中。
3. 哈希连接 (Hash Join)哈希连接处理的两个数据集分别称为构造输入(build input)和探测输入(probe input),构造输入的每行记录用于构造哈希表,探测输入的每行记录对哈希表进行探测,以找出符合连接条件的记录。
将较小的表作为构造输入,较大的表作为探测输入,这样哈希连接的效率才比较高,在执行计划中,较小的输入表在前面,较大的探测表在后面。
哈希连接只有在相等连接的条件下才能进行。
和哈希表工作区相关的内存参数有:hash_area_size,也在PGA中。

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