SQL 模糊查询
在进行数据库查询时,有完整查询和模糊查询之分。 SQL模糊查询,使用like比较字,加上SQL里的通配符,请参考以下: 1、LIKE'Mc%' 将搜索以字母 Mc 开头的所有字符串(如 McBadden)。 2、LIKE'%inger' 将搜索以字母 inger 结尾的所有字符串(如 Ringer、Stringe
在进行数据库查询时,有完整查询和模糊查询之分。
SQL模糊查询,使用like比较字,加上SQL里的通配符,请参考以下:
1、LIKE'Mc%' 将搜索以字母 Mc 开头的所有字符串(如 McBadden)。
2、LIKE'%inger' 将搜索以字母 inger 结尾的所有字符串(如 Ringer、Stringer)。
3、LIKE'%en%' 将搜索在任何位置包含字母 en 的所有字符串(如 Bennet、Green、McBadden)。
4、LIKE'_heryl' 将搜索以字母 heryl 结尾的所有六个字母的名称(如 Cheryl、Sheryl)。
5、LIKE'[CK]ars[eo]n' 将搜索下列字符串:Carsen、Karsen、Carson 和 Karson(如 Carson)。
6、LIKE'[M-Z]inger' 将搜索以字符串 inger 结尾、以从 M 到 Z 的任何单个字母开头的所有名称(如 Ringer)。
7、LIKE'M[^c]%' 将搜索以字母 M 开头,并且第二个字母不是 c 的所有名称(如MacFeather)。
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呵呵,要完整的例句啊。下面这句查询字符串是我以前写的,根据变量 zipcode_key 在邮政编码表 zipcode 中查询对应的数据,这句是判断变量 zipcode_key 为非数字时的查询语句,用 % 来匹配任意长度的字符串,从表中地址、市、省三列中查询包含关键字的所有数据项,并按省、市、地址排序。这个例子比较简单,只要你理解了方法就可以写出更复杂的查询语句。
sql = "select * from zipcode where (address like'%" & zipcode_key & "%') or (city like'%" & zipcode_key & "%') or (province like'%" & zipcode_key & "%')order by province,city,address"
详细介绍:
一般模糊查询语句:
SELECT 字段 FROM 表 WHERE 某字段 Like 条件
其中关于条件,SQL提供了四种匹配模式:
1,% :表示任意0个或多个字符。可匹配任意类型和长度的字符,有些情况下若是中文,请使用两个百分号(%%)表示。
比如 SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '%三%'
将会把u_name为“张三”,“张猫三”、“三脚猫”,“唐三藏”等等有“三”的记录全找出来。
另外,如果需要找出u_name中既有“三”又有“猫”的记录,请使用and条件
SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '%三%' AND u_name LIKE '%猫%'
若使用 SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '%三%猫%'
虽然能搜索出“三脚猫”,但不能搜索出符合条件的“张猫三”。
2,_ : 表示任意单个字符。匹配单个任意字符,它常用来限制表达式的字符长度语句:
比如 SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '_三_'
只找出“唐三藏”这样u_name为三个字且中间一个字是“三”的;
再比如 SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '三__';
只找出“三脚猫”这样name为三个字且第一个字是“三”的;
3,[ ] :表示括号内所列字符中的一个(类似正则表达式)。指定一个字符、字符串或范围,要求所匹配对象为它们中的任一个。
比如 SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '[张李王]三'
将找出“张三”、“李三”、“王三”(而不是“张李王三”);
如 [ ] 内有一系列字符(01234、abcde之类的)则可略写为“0-4”、“a-e”
SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '老[1-9]'
将找出“老1”、“老2”、……、“老9”;
4,[^ ] :表示不在括号所列之内的单个字符。其取值和 [] 相同,但它要求所匹配对象为指定字符以外的任一个字符。
比如 SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '[^张李王]三'
将找出不姓“张”、“李”、“王”的“赵三”、“孙三”等;
SELECT * FROM [user] WHERE u_name LIKE '老[^1-4]';
将排除“老1”到“老4”,寻找“老5”、“老6”、……
5,查询内容包含通配符时
由于通配符的缘故,导致我们查询特殊字符“%”、“_”、“[”的语句无法正常实现,而把特殊字符用“[ ]”括起便可正常查询。据此我们写出以下函数:
function sqlencode(str)
str=replace(str,"[","[[]") '此句一定要在最前
str=replace(str,"_","[_]")
str=replace(str,"%","[%]")
sqlencode=str
end function
在查询前将待查字符串先经该函数处理即可,并且在网页上连接数据库用到这类的查询语句时侯要注意:
如Select * FROM user Where name LIKE '老[^1-4]';上面 《'》老[^1-4]《'》是要有单引号的,别忘了,我经常忘!
access
在近日的写Web程序时用到了Access的模糊查询,在Acces里写代码怎么也找不到记录,后来才起来原来Acess和SqlServer的模糊查询是有特别的
条件:查找表A 的Name字段中包括 "B" 的记当
在Access里的代码:
1 Select * from a where name like '*b*'Sql Server查询分析器的代码
Select * from a where name like '%b%'这时你会发现Access里可以找到相关的记录,但把'*'必成'%'就找不到了,原因是Access的模糊查询是'?','*'
和Sql server不一样
以上只是在数据库中的代码,如果要写在程序里可就不能用.'*'了,还是要用'%'
程序:
strSql="select * from a where name like '%b%'"所以如果有朋友和我一样喜欢先在数据库中代码测试,那可就要注意了!!
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SQL模糊查询,使用like比较关键字,加上SQL里的通配符,,请参考以下:
1、LIKE'Mc%' 将搜索以字母 Mc 开头的所有字符串(如 McBadden)。
2、LIKE'%inger' 将搜索以字母 inger 结尾的所有字符串(如 Ringer、Stringer)。
3、LIKE'%en%' 将搜索在任何位置包含字母 en 的所有字符串(如 Bennet、Green、McBadden)。
4、LIKE'_heryl' 将搜索以字母 heryl 结尾的所有六个字母的名称(如 Cheryl、Sheryl)。
5、LIKE'[CK]ars[eo]n' 将搜索下列字符串:Carsen、Karsen、Carson 和 Karson(如 Carson)。
6、LIKE'[M-Z]inger' 将搜索以字符串 inger 结尾、以从 M 到 Z 的任何单个字母开头的所有名称(如 Ringer)。
7、LIKE'M[^c]%' 将搜索以字母 M 开头,并且第二个字母不是 c 的所有名称(如MacFeather)。
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