几种必知的oracle结构图
一、数据库结构 二、Oracle 内存结构 三、进程结构 1、 用户进程:在数据库用户请求连接到Oracle 服务器时启动 2、 服务器进程:可以连接到Oracle实例,它在用户建立会话时启动 3、 后台进程:再启动Oracle实例时启动 四、Oracle实例管理 1、 系统监视器(SMO
一、数据库结构
二、Oracle 内存结构
三、进程结构
1、 用户进程:在数据库用户请求连接到Oracle 服务器时启动
2、 服务器进程:可以连接到Oracle实例,它在用户建立会话时启动
3、 后台进程:再启动Oracle实例时启动
四、Oracle实例管理
1、 系统监视器(SMON):出现故障后启动实例时执行崩溃恢复任务
2、 进程监视器(PMON):用户进程失败时执行进程清理任务
3、 数据库写进程(DBWn):将修改后的块从数据库缓冲区高速缓存写入磁盘中的数据文件
4、 检查点(CKPT):通过更新数据库的所有数据文件和控制文件指出最新的检查点
5、 日志写进程(LGWR):将重做日志条目写入磁盘
6、 归档进程(ARCn):发生日志切换时将重做日志文件复制到归档存储器
五、服务器进程和数据库缓冲区高速缓存
处理某个查询时,Oracle服务器进程会在数据库缓冲区高速缓存中查找它所需的所有数据块。如果未在数据库缓存区高速缓存中找到数据块,服务器进程会从数据文件中读取数据块,并在数据库缓存区高速缓存中添加一个副本。因为关于同一数据块的后续请求可能会在内存中找到该数据块,因此,这些请求可能不需要进行物理读操作。Oracle服务器使用最近用过的算法腾出最近未访问的缓冲区,以便在数据库缓冲区高速缓存中为新数据块提供空间。
缓冲区高速缓存中的缓冲区可能处于一下四种状态之一:
① 已连接:可防止多个会话同时对同一数据块进行写操作。此时,,其他会话正等待访问该块。
② 干净:缓冲区现已解除连接,如果没有再次引用当前内容(数据块),该缓冲区是可以立即腾出的候选项。此时,不是缓冲区的 内容已与磁盘中存储的数据块内容同步,就是缓冲区中包含块的一致读取(CR)快照。
③ 空闲或未使用:实例刚刚启动,缓冲区为空。此状态与“干净”状态非常相似,不同之处在于缓冲区尚未使用。
④ 灰数据:缓冲区不再处于已连接状态,但是内容(数据块)已更改,DBWn必须先将内容刷新到磁盘,才能腾出缓冲区。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

The retention period of Oracle database logs depends on the log type and configuration, including: Redo logs: determined by the maximum size configured with the "LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST" parameter. Archived redo logs: Determined by the maximum size configured by the "DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE" parameter. Online redo logs: not archived, lost when the database is restarted, and the retention period is consistent with the instance running time. Audit log: Configured by the "AUDIT_TRAIL" parameter, retained for 30 days by default.

The function in Oracle to calculate the number of days between two dates is DATEDIFF(). The specific usage is as follows: Specify the time interval unit: interval (such as day, month, year) Specify two date values: date1 and date2DATEDIFF(interval, date1, date2) Return the difference in days

The Oracle database startup sequence is: 1. Check the preconditions; 2. Start the listener; 3. Start the database instance; 4. Wait for the database to open; 5. Connect to the database; 6. Verify the database status; 7. Enable the service (if necessary ); 8. Test the connection.

The amount of memory required by Oracle depends on database size, activity level, and required performance level: for storing data buffers, index buffers, executing SQL statements, and managing the data dictionary cache. The exact amount is affected by database size, activity level, and required performance level. Best practices include setting the appropriate SGA size, sizing SGA components, using AMM, and monitoring memory usage.

The INTERVAL data type in Oracle is used to represent time intervals. The syntax is INTERVAL <precision> <unit>. You can use addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations to operate INTERVAL, which is suitable for scenarios such as storing time data and calculating date differences.

To find the number of occurrences of a character in Oracle, perform the following steps: Get the total length of a string; Get the length of the substring in which a character occurs; Count the number of occurrences of a character by subtracting the substring length from the total length.

The method of replacing strings in Oracle is to use the REPLACE function. The syntax of this function is: REPLACE(string, search_string, replace_string). Usage steps: 1. Identify the substring to be replaced; 2. Determine the new string to replace the substring; 3. Use the REPLACE function to replace. Advanced usage includes: multiple replacements, case sensitivity, special character replacement, etc.

Oracle database server hardware configuration requirements: Processor: multi-core, with a main frequency of at least 2.5 GHz. For large databases, 32 cores or more are recommended. Memory: At least 8GB for small databases, 16-64GB for medium sizes, up to 512GB or more for large databases or heavy workloads. Storage: SSD or NVMe disks, RAID arrays for redundancy and performance. Network: High-speed network (10GbE or higher), dedicated network card, low-latency network. Others: Stable power supply, redundant components, compatible operating system and software, heat dissipation and cooling system.
