SQL字符串处理函数总结
select语句中只能使用sql函数对字段进行操作(链接sql server), select 字段1 from 表1 where字段1.IndexOf(云)=1; 这条语句不对的原因是indexof()函数不是sql函数,改成sql对应的函数就可以了。 left()是sql函数。 select 字段1 from 表1 wherechar
select语句中只能使用sql函数对字段进行操作(链接sql server),
select 字段1 from 表1 where字段1.IndexOf("云")=1;
这条语句不对的原因是indexof()函数不是sql函数,改成sql对应的函数就可以了。
left()是sql函数。
select 字段1 from 表1 wherecharindex('云',字段1)=1;
字符串函数对二进制数据、字符串和表达式执行不同的运算。此类函数作用于CHAR、VARCHAR、 BINARY、 和VARBINARY 数据类型以及可以隐式转换为CHAR 或VARCHAR的数据类型。可以在SELECT 语句的SELECT 和WHERE 子句以及表达式中使用字符串函数。
常用的字符串函数有:
一、字符转换函数
1、ASCII()
返回字符表达式最左端字符的ASCII 码值。在ASCII()函数中,纯数字的字符串可不用''括起来,但含其它字符的字符串必须用''括起来使用,否则会出错。
2、CHAR()
将ASCII 码转换为字符。如果没有输入0 ~ 255之间的ASCII 码值,CHAR() 返回NULL .
3、LOWER()和UPPER()
LOWER()将字符串全部转为小写;UPPER()将字符串全部转为大写。
4、STR()
把数值型数据转换为字符型数据。
STR (
length 指定返回的字符串的长度,decimal 指定返回的小数位数。如果没有指定长度,缺省的length 值为10, decimal 缺省值为0.
当length 或者decimal 为负值时,返回NULL;
当length 小于小数点左边(包括符号位)的位数时,返回length 个*;
先服从length ,再取decimal ;
当返回的字符串位数小于length ,左边补足空格。
二、去空格函数
1、LTRIM() 把字符串头部的空格去掉。
2、RTRIM() 把字符串尾部的空格去掉。
三、取子串函数
1、left()
LEFT (
返回character_expression 左起integer_expression 个字符。
2、RIGHT()
RIGHT (
返回character_expression 右起integer_expression 个字符。
3、SUBSTRING()
SUBSTRING (
返回从字符串左边第starting_ position 个字符起length个字符的部分。
四、字符串比较函数
1、CHARINDEX()
返回字符串中某个指定的子串出现的开始位置。
CHARINDEX (,
其中substring _expression 是所要查找的字符表达式,,expression可为字符串也可为列名表达式。如果没有发现子串,则返回0 值。
此函数不能用于TEXT 和IMAGE 数据类型。
2、PATINDEX()
返回字符串中某个指定的子串出现的开始位置。
PATINDEX (,
与CHARINDEX 函数不同的是,PATINDEX函数的子串中可以使用通配符,且此函数可用于CHAR、VARCHAR 和TEXT 数据类型。
五、字符串操作函数
1、QUOTENAME()
返回被特定字符括起来的字符串。
QUOTENAME ([, quote_ character]) 其中quote_ character 标明括字符串所用的字符,缺省值为"[]".
2、REPLICATE()
返回一个重复character_expression 指定次数的字符串。
REPLICATE (character_expression integer_expression) 如果integer_expression值为负值,则返回NULL .
3、REVERSE()
将指定的字符串的字符排列顺序颠倒。
REVERSE (
4、REPLACE()
返回被替换了指定子串的字符串。
REPLACE (
4、SPACE()
返回一个有指定长度的空白字符串。
SPACE (
5、STUFF()
用另一子串替换字符串指定位置、长度的子串。
STUFF (
如果起始位置为负或长度值为负,或者起始位置大于character_expression1 的长度,则返回NULL 值。
如果length 长度大于character_expression1 中 start_ position 以右的长度,则character_expression1只保留首字符。
六、数据类型转换函数
1、CAST()
CAST (
2、CONVERT()
CONVERT (
1)data_type为SQLServer系统定义的数据类型,用户自定义的数据类型不能在此使用。
2)length用于指定数据的长度,缺省值为30.
3)把CHAR或VARCHAR类型转换为诸如INT或SAMLLINT这样的INTEGER类型、结果必须是带正号或负号的数值。
4)TEXT类型到CHAR或VARCHAR类型转换最多为8000个字符,即CHAR或VARCHAR数据类型是最大长度。
5)IMAGE类型存储的数据转换到BINARY或VARBINARY类型,最多为8000个字符。
6)把整数值转换为MONEY或SMALLMONEY类型,按定义的国家的货币单位来处理,如人民币、美元、英镑等。
7)BIT类型的转换把非零值转换为1,并仍以BIT类型存储。
8)试图转换到不同长度的数据类型,会截短转换值并在转换值后显示"+",以标识发生了这种截断。

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