SQL Server 2005使用的网络协议
在客户端计算机连接到数据库引擎之前，服务器必须在侦听启用的网络库，并且要求启用服务器网络协议。使用SQL Server配置管理器可以进行以下的设置。 启用SQL Server实例要侦听的服务器协议。 禁用不再需要的服务器协议。 指定或更改每个数据库引擎、将侦听的
在客户端计算机连接到数据库引擎之前，服务器必须在侦听启用的网络库，并且要求启用服务器网络协议。使用SQL Server配置管理器可以进行以下的设置。
启用SQL Server实例要侦听的服务器协议。
禁用不再需要的服务器协议。
指定或更改每个数据库引擎、将侦听的IP地址、TCP/IP端口和命名管道等。
为所有已启用的服务器协议启用安全套接字层加密。
若要连接到SQL Server 2005数据库引擎，必须启用网络协议。SQL Server 2005数据库可一次通过多种协议为请求服务。客户端用单个协议连接到SQL Server.如果客户端程序不知道SQL Server在侦听哪个协议，可以配置客户端按顺序尝试多个协议。SQL Server 2005使用的网络协议有以下几种。
1.Shared Memory协议
Shared Memory是可供使用的最简单协议，没有可配置的设置。由于使用Shared Memory协议的客户端仅可以连接到同一台计算机上运行的SQL Server实例，因此它对于大多数数据库活动而言是没用的。如果怀疑其他协议配置有误，，可以使用Shared Memory协议进行故障排除。
2.TCP/IP协议
TCP/IP是Internet上广泛使用的通用协议。它与互联网络中硬件结构和操作系统各异的计算机进行通信。它包括路由网络流量的标准，并能提供高级安全功能。TCP/IP协议是目前在商业中最常用的协议。
3.Named Pipes协议
Named Pipes是为局域网而开发的协议。它的运行模式是内存的一部分被某个进程用来向另一个进程传递信息。因此，一个进程的输出就是另一个进程的输入。第二个进程可以是本地的，也可以是远程的。
4.VIA协议
虚拟接口适配器(VIA)协议和VIA硬件一同使用。请咨询硬件供应商，了解有关使用VIA的信息。
5.Named Pipes与TCP/IP套接字协议
在快速局域网环境中，传输控制协议或Internet协议(TCP/IP)套接字客户端和Named Pipes客户端在性能方面相近。但是，网络速度越慢，TCP/IP套接字客户端与Named Pipes客户端的性能差异越明显，这是因为进程间通信(IPC)的机制在对等项间的通信方式不同。
说明：该协议必须在客户端和服务器上同时启用才可以正常工作。服务器可以同时监听所有已启用的协议的请求。客户端计算机可以选取一个协议，或按照SQL Server配置管理器中列出的顺序尝试这些协议。
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