Oracle怎么导入数据
本文对Oracle数据的导入导出 imp ,exp 两个命令进行了介绍, 并对其相应的参数进行了说明,然后通过一些示例进行 演练,加深理解. 文章最后对运用这两个命令可能出现的问题(如权限不够,不同oracle版本)进行了探讨,并提出了相应的解决方案; 本文部分内容摘录自网
本文对Oracle数据的导入导出 imp ,exp 两个命令进行了介绍, 并对其相应的参数进行了说明,然后通过一些示例进行
演练,加深理解.
文章最后对运用这两个命令可能出现的问题(如权限不够,不同oracle版本)进行了探讨,并提出了相应的解决方案;
本文部分内容摘录自网络,感谢网友的经验总结;
一.说明
oracle 的exp/imp命令用于实现对数据库的导出/导入操作;
exp命令用于把数据从远程数据库服务器导出至本地,生成dmp文件;
imp命令用于把本地的数据库dmp文件从本地导入到远程的Oracle数据库中。
二.语法
可以通过在命令行输入 imp help=y 获取imp的语法信息:
=============================================================================
C:Documents and Settingsauduser>imp help=y
Import: Release 9.0.1.1.1 - Production on 星期二 5月 20 18:21:57 2008
(c) Copyright 2001 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
可以通过输入 IMP 命令和您的用户名/口令
后接用户名/口令的命令:
例程: IMP SCOTT/TIGER
或者, 可以通过输入 IMP 命令和各种参数来控制“导入”
按照不同参数。要指定参数,您可以使用关键字:
格式: IMP KEYWORD=value 或 KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,vlaueN)
例程: IMP SCOTT/TIGER IGNORE=Y TABLES=(EMP,DEPT) FULL=N
或 TABLES=(T1: P1,T1: P2),如果 T1 是分区表
USERID 必须是命令行中的第一个参数。
关键字 说明(默认) 关键字 说明(默认)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
USERID 用户名/口令 FULL 导入整个文件 (N)
BUFFER 数据缓冲区大小 FROMUSER 所有人用户名列表
FILE 输入文件 (EXPDAT.DMP) TOUSER 用户名列表
SHOW 只列出文件内容 (N) TABLES 表名列表
IGNORE 忽略创建错误 (N) RECORDLENGTH IO 记录的长度
GRANTS 导入权限 (Y) INCTYPE 增量导入类型
INDEXES 导入索引 (Y) COMMIT 提交数组插入 (N)
ROWS 导入数据行 (Y) PARFILE 参数文件名
LOG 屏幕输出的日志文件 CONSTRAINTS 导入限制 (Y)
DESTROY 覆盖表空间数据文件 (N)
INDEXFILE 将表/索引信息写入指定的文件
SKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXES 跳过不可用索引的维护 (N)
FEEDBACK 每 x 行显示进度 (0)
TOID_NOVALIDATE 跳过指定类型 ID 的验证
FILESIZE 每个转储文件的最大大小
STATISTICS 始终导入预计算的统计信息
RESUMABLE 遇到与空格有关的错误时挂起 (N)
RESUMABLE_NAME 用来标识可恢复语句的文本字符串
RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT RESUMABLE 的等待时间
COMPILE 编译过程, 程序包和函数 (Y)
下列关键字仅用于可传输的表空间
TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE 导入可传输的表空间元数据 (N)
TABLESPACES 将要传输到数据库的表空间
DATAFILES 将要传输到数据库的数据文件
TTS_OWNERS 拥有可传输表空间集中数据的用户
==============================================
同样可以通过输入 exp help=y 获取exp的语法信息
Microsoft Windows XP [版本 5.1.2600]
(C) 版权所有 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
C:Documents and Settingsauduser>exp help=y
Export: Release 9.0.1.1.1 - Production on 星期二 5月 20 18:26:34 2008
(c) Copyright 2001 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
通过输入 EXP 命令和用户名/口令,您可以
后接用户名/口令的命令:
例程: EXP SCOTT/TIGER
或者,您也可以通过输入跟有各种参数的 EXP 命令来控制“导出”
按照不同参数。要指定参数,,您可以使用关键字:
格式: EXP KEYWORD=value 或 KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,valueN)
例程: EXP SCOTT/TIGER GRANTS=Y TABLES=(EMP,DEPT,MGR)
或 TABLES=(T1: P1,T1: P2),如果 T1 是分区表
USERID 必须是命令行中的第一个参数。
关键字 说明(默认) 关键字 说明(默认)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
USERID 用户名/口令 FULL 导出整个文件 (N)
BUFFER 数据缓冲区大小 OWNER 所有者用户名列表
FILE 输出文件 (EXPDAT.DMP) TABLES 表名称列表
COMPRESS 导入到一个区 (Y) RECORDLENGTH IO 记录的长度
GRANTS 导出权限 (Y) INCTYPE 增量导出类型
INDEXES 导出索引 (Y) RECORD 跟踪增量导出 (Y)
DIRECT 直接路径 (N) TRIGGERS 导出触发器 (Y)
LOG 屏幕输出的日志文件 STATISTICS 分析对象 (ESTIMATE)
ROWS 导出数据行 (Y) PARFILE 参数文件名
CONSISTENT 交叉表一致性 CONSTRAINTS 导出约束条件 (Y)
FEEDBACK 每 x 行显示进度 (0)
FILESIZE 每个转储文件的最大大小
FLASHBACK_SCN 用于回调会话快照的 SCN
FLASHBACK_TIME 用来获得最接近于指定时间的 SCN 的时间
QUERY 用来导出表的子集的选择子句
RESUMABLE 遇到与空格有关的错误时挂起 (N)
RESUMABLE_NAME 用来标识可恢复语句的文本字符串
RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT RESUMABLE 的等待时间
TTS_FULL_CHECK 对 TTS 执行完全或部分相关性检查
TABLESPACES 要导出的表空间列表
TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE 导出可传输的表空间元数据 (N)
TEMPLATE 调用 iAS 模式导出的模板名称

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