Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL临时表的简单用法

MySQL临时表的简单用法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:24 PM
mysql usage Simple

当工作在非常大的表上时,你可能偶尔需要运行很多查询获得一个大量数据的小的子集,不是对整个表运行这些查询,而是让MySQL每次找出所需的少数记录,将记录选择到一个临时表可能更快些,然后在这些表运行查询。 创建临时表很容易,给正常的CREATE TABLE语句

当工作在非常大的表上时,你可能偶尔需要运行很多查询获得一个大量数据的小的子集,不是对整个表运行这些查询,而是让MySQL每次找出所需的少数记录,将记录选择到一个临时表可能更快些,然后在这些表运行查询。

创建临时表很容易,给正常的CREATE TABLE语句加上TEMPORARY关键字:

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
	name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
	value INTEGER NOT NULL
)  
Copy after login

临时表将在你连接MySQL期间存在。当你断开时,MySQL将自动删除表并释放所用的空间。当然你可以在仍然连接的时候删除表并释放空间。

DROP TABLE tmp_table
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如果在你创建名为tmp_table临时表时名为tmp_table的表在数据库中已经存在,临时表将有必要屏蔽(隐藏)非临时表tmp_table。

如果你声明临时表是一个HEAP表,MySQL也允许你指定在内存中创建它:

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (   
	name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
	value INTEGER NOT NULL
) TYPE = HEAP  
Copy after login

因为HEAP表存储在内存中,你对它运行的查询可能比磁盘上的临时表快些。然而,HEAP表与一般的表有些不同,且有自身的限制。详见MySQL参考手册。

正如前面的建议,你应该测试临时表看看它们是否真的比对大量数据库运行查询快。如果数据很好地索引,临时表可能一点不快。

1. 临时表再断开于mysql的连接后系统会自动删除临时表中的数据,但是这只限于用下面语句建立的表:

定义字段:

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
	name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
	value INTEGER NOT NULL 
)
Copy after login

2)直接将查询结果导入临时表

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table SELECT * FROM table_name
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2. 另外mysql也允许你在内存中直接创建临时表,因为是在内存中所有速度会很快,语法如下:

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_table (
	name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
	value INTEGER NOT NULL
) TYPE = HEAP 
Copy after login

3. 从上面的分析可以看出临时表的数据是会被清空的,你断开了连接就会被自动清空,但是你程序中不可能每发行一次sql就连接一次数据库吧(如果是这样的话,那就会出现你担心的问题,如果不是就没有问题),因为只有断开数据库连接才会被清空数据,在一个数据库连接里面发行多次sql的话系统是不会自动清空临时表数据的。

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