Home Database Mysql Tutorial 新一代数据库的五大标准

新一代数据库的五大标准

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:27 PM
the difference place database new generation standard

新一代的 数据库 区别传统的 数据库 的地方在于:对巨量拥有简单 数据 建模的主要类型 数据 ,能够做到快速处理;对TB级数据(甚至PB级),可以轻松应对;对于我们终端用户,还要实现 SQL 语句的实时操作。这样的话,新一代的数据库标准就必须包括: MPP —

新一代的数据库区别传统的数据库的地方在于:对巨量拥有简单数据建模的主要类型数据,能够做到快速处理;对TB级数据(甚至PB级),可以轻松应对;对于我们终端用户,还要实现SQL语句的实时操作。这样的话,新一代的数据库标准就必须包括:

  • MPP — 大规模的并行处理能力。新一代的数据库必须提供大规模的并行处理能力,实现不同机器上同时摄入、处理或者查询等操作。性能必须远甚于只在单台机器上运行,有着数据摄入瓶颈的传统数据库。
  • 无共享架构: 无共享(内存或磁盘等)架构就意味着新一代数据库系统将无懈可击!每个节点工作都是独立的,这样即使其中一台机器出故障,其他机器仍然可以保持继续运行。这在MPP环境中非常重要,因为经常可能有数百台机器同时并行处理数据,机械出故障是难以避免的。
  • 柱状结构:而不是关系数据库中常见的队列式的数据存储或处理。柱状结构下,只有对结果起决定性作用栏目中的数据才会被处理,对比处理所有数据,结果简直是瞬间给出的。这同样意味着数据不用像传统的数据库中一样被有组织的放入整齐的列表中。
  • 卓越的数据压缩能力:卓越的数据压缩能力允许新一代的数据库摄入和储存更多的数据,而且还会比传统的数据库更节约硬件资源。一个拥有10:1压缩能力的数据仓库,举个例子:可以把10TB的数据压缩到1TB。数据压缩的相关技术叫做文件编码,这项技术对数据压缩起着决定性作用。
  • 通用的硬件设施:就像Hadoop集群一样,大部分的新一代数据库都可以在通用的硬件设施上使用,来自Dell、IBM或者其他的,这样使用者就可以在对比一系列来厂商后做出合适的决定。

虽然新的数据库还只是蓝图,但是纵观数据库发展史后不难发现:也许不用多久就会超越上述标准了。

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