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mysql表的清空、删除和修改操作详解

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:28 PM
mysql Revise delete operate Clear Clear Detailed explanation

一、清除mysql表中数据 delete from 表名; truncate table 表名; 不带where参数的delete语句可以删除mysql表中所有内容,使用truncate table也可以清空mysql表中所有内容。 效率上truncate比delete快,但truncate删除后不记录mysql日志,不可以恢复数据。 de

一、清除mysql表中数据

delete from 表名;
truncate table 表名;
不带where参数的delete语句可以删除mysql表中所有内容,使用truncate table也可以清空mysql表中所有内容。
效率上truncate比delete快,但truncate删除后不记录mysql日志,不可以恢复数据。
delete的效果有点像将mysql表中所有记录一条一条删除到删完,
而truncate相当于保留mysql表的结构,重新创建了这个表,所有的状态都相当于新表。

二、删除表中的某些数据

delete from命令格式:delete from 表名 where 表达式

例如,删除表 MyClass中编号为1 的记录:


mysql> delete from MyClass where id=1;

三、修改表
1.选择数据库

>use 数据库名;

2.查询所有数据表
>show tables;

3.查询表的字段信息
>desc 表名称;

3.1.修改某个表的字段类型及指定为空或非空
>alter table 表名称 change 字段名称 字段名称 字段类型 [是否允许非空];
>alter table 表名称 modify 字段名称 字段类型 [是否允许非空];

3.2.修改某个表的字段名称及指定为空或非空
>alter table 表名称 change 字段原名称 字段新名称 字段类型 [是否允许非空];

例如:
修改表expert_info中的字段birth,允许其为空


>alter table expert_info change birth birth varchar(20) null;

1.增加一个字段(一列)

alter table table_name add column column_name type default value; type指该字段的类型,value指该字段的默认值

例如:


alter table mybook add column publish_house varchar(10) default ”;

2.更改一个字段名字(也可以改变类型和默认值)

alter table table_name change sorce_col_name dest_col_name type default value; source_col_name指原来的字段名称,dest_col_name

指改后的字段名称

例如:


alter table Board_Info change IsMobile IsTelphone int(3) unsigned default 1;

3.改变一个字段的默认值

alter table table_name alter column_name set default value;

例如:


alter table book alter flag set default '0′;

4.改变一个字段的数据类型

alter table table_name change column column_name column_name type;

例如:


alter table userinfo change column username username varchar(20);

5.向一个表中增加一个列做为主键

alter table table_name add column column_name type auto_increment PRIMARY KEY;

例如:


alter table book add column id int(10) auto_increment PRIMARY KEY;

6.数据库某表的备份,在命令行中输入:

mysqldump -u root -p database_name table_name > bak_file_name

例如:


mysqldump -u root -p f_info user_info > user_info.dat

7.导出数据

select_statment into outfile”dest_file”;

例如:


select cooperatecode,createtime from publish limit 10 into outfile”/home/mzc/temp/tempbad.txt”;

8.导入数据

load data infile”file_name” into table table_name;

例如:


load data infile”/home/mzc/temp/tempbad.txt” into table pad;

9.将两个表里的数据拼接后插入到另一个表里。下面的例子说明将t1表中的com2和t2表中的com1字段的值拼接后插入到tx表对应的

字段里。

例如:


insert into tx select t1.com1,concat(t1.com2,t2.com1) from t1,t2;


10,删除字段

alter table form1 drop column 列名;

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