Home Database Mysql Tutorial Mysql存储过程学习笔记--建立简单的存储过程

Mysql存储过程学习笔记--建立简单的存储过程

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:28 PM
mysql storage study Establish notes Simple process

一、存储过程 存储过程(Stored Procedure)是在大型数据库系统中,一组为了完成特定功能的SQL语句集,经编译后存储在数据库中,用户 通过指定存储过程的名字并给出参数(如果该存储过程带有参数)来执行它。而我们常用的操作数据库语言SQL语句在执行的时 候

一、存储过程

  存储过程(Stored Procedure)是在大型数据库系统中,一组为了完成特定功能的SQL语句集,经编译后存储在数据库中,用户
通过指定存储过程的名字并给出参数(如果该存储过程带有参数)来执行它。而我们常用的操作数据库语言SQL语句在执行的时
候需要要先编译,然后执行,所以执行的效率没有存储过程高。

  存储过程优点如下:

重复使用。存储过程可以重复使用,从而可以减少数据库开发人员的工作量。提高性能。存储过程在创建的时候在进行了编译,将来使用的时候不再重新翻译。一般的SQL语句每执行一次就需要编译一次,所以使用存储过程提高了效率。减少网络流量。存储过程位于服务器上,调用的时候只需要传递存储过程的名称以及参数就可以了,因此降低了网络传输的数据量。安全性。参数化的存储过程可以防止SQL注入式攻击,而且可以将Grant、Deny以及Revoke权限应用于存储过程。

  存储过程简单语法:

CREATE PROCEDURE 存储过程名称(
  输入输出类型 变量名称 类型,

    输入输出类型 变量名称 类型

)
BEGIN
  -- 声明, 语句要完成的操作,增删改查。。。
END

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二、实例

  例子中的存储过程均使用mysql作为例子。
  表结构如下:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `person`;<br />CREATE TABLE `person` (<br />  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,<br />  `username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,<br />  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,<br />  `password` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,<br />  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)<br />) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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  1、只带IN(输入参数)的存储过程

  表示该参数的值必须在调用存储过程时指定,在存储过程中修改该参数的值不能被返回,为默认值.

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_findById;
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-- 创建存储过程<br />CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_findById(<br />    in n int<br />)<br />BEGIN<br />     SELECT * FROM person where id=n;<br />END
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-- 定义变量<br />SET @n=2;<br />-- 调用存储过程<br />CALL proc_person_findById(@n);
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调用结果如下:

  2、只带OUT(输出参数)的存储过程

  该值可在存储过程内部被改变,并可返回。

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_getCount
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-- 创建存储过程<br />CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_getCount(<br />    out n int(11)<br />)<br />BEGIN <br />     SELECT COUNT(*) INTO n FROM person ;<br />END 
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-- 调用存储过程<br />CALL proc_person_getCount(@n);<br />SELECT @n as '总数';
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调用结果如下:

  3、带IN(输入参数)和OUT(输出参数)的

  调用时指定,并且可被改变和返回

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_findInfoById; 
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-- 创建存储过程<br />CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_findInfoById(<br />    IN n INT(11), <br />    OUT pusername VARCHAR(255), <br />    OUT page INT(11)<br />)<br />BEGIN <br />     SELECT username, age INTO pusername, page FROM person WHERE id=n;<br />END
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-- 定义变量<br />SET @id=2;<br />-- 调用存储过程<br />CALL proc_person_findInfoById(@id,@username, @age);<br />SELECT @username as '用户名', @age '年龄';
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调用结果如下:

  

  4、带INOUT(输入输出)参数的存储过程

-- 输入输出DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_get_age;-- 创建存储过程CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_get_age(  INOUT n INT(11))BEGIN   SELECT age INTO N FROM person WHERE id=n;ENDSET @id = 1;CALL proc_person_get_age(@id); SELECT @id;
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  调用结果如下:

 

  5、 关于输入输出参数

IN为输入, 定义参数时,可以不加,不加则默认为输入参数。OUT为输出,定义参数时,必须加上。INOUT为输入和输出,必须加上。表示该参数可以输入也可在处理后存放结果进行输出。

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