Mysql存储过程学习笔记--建立简单的存储过程
一、存储过程 存储过程(Stored Procedure)是在大型数据库系统中,一组为了完成特定功能的SQL语句集,经编译后存储在数据库中,用户 通过指定存储过程的名字并给出参数(如果该存储过程带有参数)来执行它。而我们常用的操作数据库语言SQL语句在执行的时 候
一、存储过程
存储过程(Stored Procedure)是在大型数据库系统中,一组为了完成特定功能的SQL语句集,经编译后存储在数据库中,用户
通过指定存储过程的名字并给出参数(如果该存储过程带有参数)来执行它。而我们常用的操作数据库语言SQL语句在执行的时
候需要要先编译,然后执行,所以执行的效率没有存储过程高。
存储过程优点如下:
重复使用。存储过程可以重复使用,从而可以减少数据库开发人员的工作量。提高性能。存储过程在创建的时候在进行了编译,将来使用的时候不再重新翻译。一般的SQL语句每执行一次就需要编译一次,所以使用存储过程提高了效率。减少网络流量。存储过程位于服务器上,调用的时候只需要传递存储过程的名称以及参数就可以了,因此降低了网络传输的数据量。安全性。参数化的存储过程可以防止SQL注入式攻击,而且可以将Grant、Deny以及Revoke权限应用于存储过程。
存储过程简单语法:
CREATE PROCEDURE 存储过程名称( 输入输出类型 变量名称 类型, 输入输出类型 变量名称 类型 ) BEGIN -- 声明, 语句要完成的操作,增删改查。。。 END
二、实例
例子中的存储过程均使用mysql作为例子。
表结构如下:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `person`;<br />CREATE TABLE `person` (<br /> `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,<br /> `username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,<br /> `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,<br /> `password` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,<br /> PRIMARY KEY (`id`)<br />) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
1、只带IN(输入参数)的存储过程
表示该参数的值必须在调用存储过程时指定,在存储过程中修改该参数的值不能被返回,为默认值.
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_findById;
-- 创建存储过程<br />CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_findById(<br /> in n int<br />)<br />BEGIN<br /> SELECT * FROM person where id=n;<br />END
-- 定义变量<br />SET @n=2;<br />-- 调用存储过程<br />CALL proc_person_findById(@n);
调用结果如下:
2、只带OUT(输出参数)的存储过程
该值可在存储过程内部被改变,并可返回。
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_getCount
-- 创建存储过程<br />CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_getCount(<br /> out n int(11)<br />)<br />BEGIN <br /> SELECT COUNT(*) INTO n FROM person ;<br />END
-- 调用存储过程<br />CALL proc_person_getCount(@n);<br />SELECT @n as '总数';
调用结果如下:
3、带IN(输入参数)和OUT(输出参数)的
调用时指定,并且可被改变和返回
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_findInfoById;
-- 创建存储过程<br />CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_findInfoById(<br /> IN n INT(11), <br /> OUT pusername VARCHAR(255), <br /> OUT page INT(11)<br />)<br />BEGIN <br /> SELECT username, age INTO pusername, page FROM person WHERE id=n;<br />END
-- 定义变量<br />SET @id=2;<br />-- 调用存储过程<br />CALL proc_person_findInfoById(@id,@username, @age);<br />SELECT @username as '用户名', @age '年龄';
调用结果如下:
4、带INOUT(输入输出)参数的存储过程
-- 输入输出DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_person_get_age;-- 创建存储过程CREATE PROCEDURE proc_person_get_age( INOUT n INT(11))BEGIN SELECT age INTO N FROM person WHERE id=n;ENDSET @id = 1;CALL proc_person_get_age(@id); SELECT @id;
调用结果如下:
5、 关于输入输出参数
IN为输入, 定义参数时,可以不加,不加则默认为输入参数。OUT为输出,定义参数时,必须加上。INOUT为输入和输出,必须加上。表示该参数可以输入也可在处理后存放结果进行输出。

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