Home Database Mysql Tutorial 慎用mysql的join语句和in子查询语句,普通查询可能是最好的优化

慎用mysql的join语句和in子查询语句,普通查询可能是最好的优化

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:33 PM
join mysql good usually Inquire statement

服务器mysql集群,表引擎ndbcluster。 其中查3张表,原语句为: select user.uid,user.uname,user.idcard_status,user_introduction.user_picfrom user left join user_introduction on user.uid = user_introduction.uidwhere user.uid in(select uid from

服务器mysql集群,表引擎ndbcluster。

其中查3张表,原语句为:

select user.uid,user.uname,user.idcard_status,user_introduction.user_pic
from user left join user_introduction on user.uid = user_introduction.uid
where user.uid in(select uid from participate_class where cid = '11428' and paystatus = 1) ;
Copy after login

表数据总共9K+条左右的数据 ,所以说数据并不多,但是这个sql的执行时间让人惊讶: 35sec~36sec。其中in子查询拆分来查都很快,一旦组合起来就慢的要死。

explain的情况如下:

mysql explain select

刚好跟一篇文章中描述的一样:http://hi.baidu.com/yu_zhou2000/blog/item/b9edb26716d93b3baa184c64.html。

这里也是in的条件如果是固定常量会非常快,比如 in (1,2,3),但是如果向上面的in(select …) 写法就巨慢无比。这个文章也写了个解决方案,换成自己的案例写法就应该是下面这样:

select user.uid,user.uname,user.idcard_status,user_introduction.user_pic
from user left join user_introduction on user.uid = user_introduction.uid
where user.uid in(select uid from
   (select uid from participate_class where cid = '11413' and paystatus = 1) as tbl
) ;
Copy after login

这样的写法的确有效,查询执行时间降低到0.109sec左右。看explain,查询了更多的行,但是时间是降低 了:

如果说实话,我接触sql的次数并不多,甚至对join的理解都不深刻,目前还搞不清left,inner,right是怎样的情况。正因为如此,我更偏向于写普通的多表查询语句,于是改上面的语句为:

select user.uid,user.uname,user.idcard_status,user_introduction.user_pic
from user, user_introduction, participate_class
where user.uid = participate_class.uid and user.uid = user_introduction.uid
and participate_class.cid = '11418' and participate_class.paystatus = 1 ;
Copy after login

很普通的语句,多了很多where条件而已,但是执行效率得到更大的改观,仅用了0.015sec左右,偶尔飙升到0.030sec。explain分析如下:

貌似ndb引擎本身对join语句支持不太好 ,不过我本身也不喜欢join(或许说是不太会),而in语句出现了这样的问题。所以个人感觉还是两者都慎用,但不是禁用,能用普通多表查询就用多表查询即可。

这本身是个小案例,具体事件具体分析,后来看到说mysql的设计就是基于join的: “在 MySQL 的 SELECT 查询当中,其核心算法就是 JOIN 查询算法”,来源:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4550f3ca0100vkfx.html

所以还是需要深入研究的,最好是还交给dba的好。

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