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深入剖析 redis 数据结构 intset

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Release: 2016-06-07 16:37:02
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intset 和 dict 都是 sadd 命令的底层数据结构,当添加的所有数据都是整数时,会使用前者;否则使用后者。 特别的 ,当遇到添加数据为字符串,即不能表示为整数时,redis 会把数据结构转换为 dict,即把 intset 中的数据全部搬迁到 dict。 本片展开的是 ints

intset 和 dict 都是 sadd 命令的底层数据结构,当添加的所有数据都是整数时,会使用前者;否则使用后者。特别的,当遇到添加数据为字符串,即不能表示为整数时,redis 会把数据结构转换为 dict,即把 intset 中的数据全部搬迁到 dict。

本片展开的是 intset,dict 的文章可以参看之前写的《深入剖析 redis 数据结构 dict》。

intset 结构体

intset 底层本质是一个有序的、不重复的、整型的数组,支持不同类型整数。

typedef struct intset {
    // 每个整数的类型
    uint32_t encoding;
    // intset 长度
    uint32_t length;
    // 整数数组
    int8_t contents[];
} intset;
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encoding 能下面的三个值:分别是 16,32 和 64位整数:

/* Note that these encodings are ordered, so:
* INTSET_ENC_INT16 
<h3>intset 搜索</h3>
<p>intset 是有序的整数数组,可以用二分搜索查找。</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">static uint8_t intsetSearch(intset *is, int64_t value, uint32_t *pos) {
    int min = 0, max = intrev32ifbe(is->length)-1, mid = -1;
    int64_t cur = -1;
    /* The value can never be found when the set is empty */
    // 集合为空
    if (intrev32ifbe(is->length) == 0) {
        if (pos) *pos = 0;
        return 0;
    } else {
        /* Check for the case where we know we cannot find the value,
         * but do know the insert position. */
        // value 比最大元素还大
        if (value > _intsetGet(is,intrev32ifbe(is->length)-1)) {
            if (pos) *pos = intrev32ifbe(is->length);
            return 0;
        // value 比最小元素还小
        } else if (value = min) {
        mid = (min+max)/2;
        cur = _intsetGet(is,mid);
        if (value > cur) {
            min = mid+1;
        } else if (value 
<h3>intset 插入</h3>
<p>intset 实现中比较远有意思的是插入算法部分。</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">/* Insert an integer in the intset */
intset *intsetAdd(intset *is, int64_t value, uint8_t *success) {
    uint8_t valenc = _intsetValueEncoding(value);
    uint32_t pos;
    if (success) *success = 1;
    /* Upgrade encoding if necessary. If we need to upgrade, we know that
     * this value should be either appended (if > 0) or prepended (if  intrev32ifbe(is->encoding)) {
        /* This always succeeds, so we don't need to curry *success. */
        return intsetUpgradeAndAdd(is,value);
    // 正常,分配内存,插入
    } else {
        // intset 内部不允许重复
        /* Abort if the value is already present in the set.
         * This call will populate "pos" with the right position to insert
         * the value when it cannot be found. */
        if (intsetSearch(is,value,&pos)) {
            if (success) *success = 0;
            return is;
        }
        // realloc
        is = intsetResize(is,intrev32ifbe(is->length)+1);
        // 迁移内存,腾出空间给新的数据。intsetMoveTail() 完成内存迁移工作
        if (pos length)) intsetMoveTail(is,pos,pos+1);
    }
    // 在腾出的空间中设置新的数据
    _intsetSet(is,pos,value);
    // 更新 intset size
    is->length = intrev32ifbe(intrev32ifbe(is->length)+1);
    return is;
}
// 升级整数类型,譬如从 short->int。当插入数据的内存占用比原有数据大
// 的时候,会被调用
/* Upgrades the intset to a larger encoding and inserts the given integer. */
static intset *intsetUpgradeAndAdd(intset *is, int64_t value) {
    uint8_t curenc = intrev32ifbe(is->encoding);
    uint8_t newenc = _intsetValueEncoding(value);
    int length = intrev32ifbe(is->length);
    // value0 尾插
    int prepend = value encoding = intrev32ifbe(newenc);
    is = intsetResize(is,intrev32ifbe(is->length)+1);
    // 逆向处理,防止数据被覆盖,一般的插入排序步骤
    /* Upgrade back-to-front so we don't overwrite values.
     * Note that the "prepend" variable is used to make sure we have an empty
     * space at either the beginning or the end of the intset. */
    while(length--)
        _intsetSet(is,length+prepend,_intsetGetEncoded(is,length,curenc));
    // valuelength),value);
    // 更新 set size
    is->length = intrev32ifbe(intrev32ifbe(is->length)+1);
    return is;
}
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捣乱 2014-7-3

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