memcached 源码阅读之原理篇
初期阅读 初期我是一行一行的看,遇到很多库函数不认识,于是研究了一番。 后来发现方向跑错了,那些库函数是为了实现网络编程,与 memcached 的本质没有关系。 于是开始查看函数名了。 cache_create 初始化 memcached . 主要工作是生成一个 cache_t 对象。
初期阅读
初期我是一行一行的看,遇到很多库函数不认识,于是研究了一番。
后来发现方向跑错了,那些库函数是为了实现网络编程,与 memcached 的本质没有关系。
于是开始查看函数名了。
cache_create
初始化 memcached .
主要工作是生成一个 cache_t 对象。
cache_t* cache_create(const char *name, size_t bufsize, size_t align, cache_constructor_t* constructor, cache_destructor_t* destructor) { cache_t* ret = calloc(1, sizeof(cache_t)); char* nm = strdup(name); void** ptr = calloc(initial_pool_size, sizeof(void*)); ret->name = nm; ret->ptr = ptr; ret->freetotal = initial_pool_size; ret->constructor = constructor; ret->destructor = destructor; ret->bufsize = bufsize; return ret; }
cache_destroy
回收 memcached.
void cache_destroy(cache_t *cache) { while (cache->freecurr > 0) { void *ptr = cache->ptr[--cache->freecurr]; if (cache->destructor) { cache->destructor(get_object(ptr), NULL); } free(ptr); } free(cache->name); free(cache->ptr); pthread_mutex_destroy(&cache->mutex); free(cache); }
cache_alloc 与 cache_free
申请一个节点和释放一个节点
最后一个
这样又看了结果函数,发现还是没有涉及到 memcached 的本质,这些在创建 服务器,还是网络编程的知识。
虽然我不会网络编程。
原理
可以做什么
memcached 是以 key-val 的方式储存的 map
而且key是字符串, val 是一个对象。
客户端
客户端连接上 memcached 的服务器后,可以set设置内容,get查询内容了。
内容是通过 socket 的方式传给服务器的。
数据分两部分,一部分是key,一部分是val的序列化。
服务器
对于服务器来说,接收到的数据其实就是两个字符串的映射 map
直接实现一个 hash table 就行了。
刚好前几天我实现了一个精简版的 hash table, 刚好可以用上。
只不过需要加一个字符串val字段,而key字段永远是字符串。
又由于 key 是字符串,所以字符串的 hash 函数就不需要用户提供了。
对于 val 同样是这样,字符串判断相等直接 cmp 即可。
这样 memcached 就很容易实现了。
迟迟到来的原理
服务器端分两部分功能。
第一步分是 hash table 用于存储 string 到 string 的映射。
第二部分是 服务器,用于接收客户端的请求:查询,增加,删除,更新等操作。
客户端实现只有一部了:向服务器发送查询,增加,删除,更新等操作。
本文出自:http://tiankonguse.github.io, 原文地址:http://blog/2014/11/06/memcached-code/, 感谢原作者分享。

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