Oracle之索引(Index)实例讲解
Oracle索引(Index)是关系数据库中用于存放表中每一条记录位置的一种对象,主要目的是加快数据的读取速度和数据的完整性检查。索引
Oracle索引(Index)是关系数据库中用于存放表中每一条记录位置的一种对象,主要目的是加快数据的读取速度和数据的完整性检查。索引的建立是一项技术性要求非常高的工作。
一般在数据库设计阶段就要考虑到如何设计和创建索引。
1. 创建索引
创建索引的语法:
CREATE [UNIQUE] INDEX [schema.] index
ON [schema.] table (column [ASC | DESC], column [ASC | DESC]...)
[CLUSTER schema.cluster]
[INITRANS n]
[MAXTRANS n]
[PCTFREE n]
[STORAGE storage]
[TABLESPACE tablespace]
[NO SORT]
关键字说明:
示例:创建一张产品表(tb_product),为该表的product_id列创建索引,以便在使用到该列时提高查询效率。
create table tb_product
(
product_id number
, product_name varchar2(100)
, product_type varchar2(20)
, product_unit varchar2(50)
, product_unit_price number(10,4)
);
下面代码用来在product_id列上创建唯一索引:
create unique index product_id_u1 on tb_product(product_id);
2. 修改索引
索引的修改主要由数据库管理员完成,,修改索引主要涉及到修改索引的存储参数、重建索引、对无用的索引空间进行合并等。
修改索引的语法:
ALTER [UNIQUE] INDEX [user.] index
INITRANS n
MAXTRANS n
REBUILD
[STORAGE
说明:
示例:
使用ALTER INDEX语句修改索引参数:
ALTER INDEX product_id_u1 REBUILD STORAGE ( INITIAL 1M NEXT 512K );
使用ALTER INDEX语句修改索引为逆向索引:
ALTER INDEX product_id_u1 REBUILD REVERSE;
使用ALTER INDEX语句合并索引空间:
ALTER INDEX product_id_u1 COALESCE;
3. 删除索引
可以使用DROP语句删除索引。
DROP INDEX schema.index;
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作者: 戴维德 联系方式:david.louis.tian@outlook.com
本文永久更新链接地址:

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