Oracle中NULL值详解
Oracle中NULL值详解,NULL表示UNKNOW(未知),其不代表任何值。例如一行中某列没有任何值即为NULL。
1、NULL是什么?
NULL表示UNKNOW(未知),其不代表任何值。例如一行中某列没有任何值即为NULL。
Oracle允许任何一种数据类型的字段为空,除了以下两种情况:
1)主键字段(primary key),
2)定义时已经加了NOT NULL限制条件的字段
2、NULL有什么用?
1)NULL可用于条件判断:
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL;
或
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NOT NULL;
3、使用NULL常见注意事项?
1)判断列或变量是否为NULL,只能使用条件IS NULL 或 IS NOT NULL
2)空值不能被索引
3)NULL在排序操作中默认为最大值处理:
SELECT * FROM EMP ORDER BY comm DESC;
4)ORACLE中NULL和任何值算术运算结果为NULL
#加减乘除操作:
SELECT 1+NULL FROM DUAL;
SELECT 1-NULL FROM DUAL;
SELECT 1*NULL FROM DUAL;
SELECT 1/NULL FORM DUAL;
5)NULL无法用比较运算符 例如 =、 != ,考虑以下语句块如何输出?
DECLARE
n1 VARCHAR2(20);
n2 VARCHAR2(20) := 'a';
BEGIN
IF n1 n2 THEN --equivalent to NULL
dbms_output.put_line('');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('=');
END IF;
END;
输出:=
6)工作中,尤其从事报表开发。在涉及数量、金额统计等SQL语句,,采用NVL函数忽略NULL值。
4、相关NULL函数用法介绍:
1)NVL(p1,p2)函数,如果p1为空则返回p2,否则返回p1。关于上例语句块的处理可参看下例:
DECLARE
n1 VARCHAR2(20);
n2 VARCHAR2(20) := 'a';
BEGIN
IF nvl(n1,'xx') n2 THEN
dbms_output.put_line('');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('=');
END IF;
END;
2)NVL2(p1,p2,p3)函数,如果p1非空则返回p2,否则返回p3:
SELECT NVL2(NULL,1,2) FROM DUAL;
SELECT NVL2(0,1,2) FROM DUAL;
3)NULLIF(p1,p2)函数, 如果p1=p2则返回NULL,否则返回p1:
SELECT NULLIF(1,1) FROM DUAL;
SELECT NULLIF(1,2) FROM DUAL;
4)COALESCE(p1,p2..Pn)函数,返回第一个非空值:
SELECT COALESCE(NULL,NULL,1,2,3) FROM DUAL;
Oracle使用order by排序NULL值如何处理
DB2中NULL值和空字符串问题
Oracle Index 和NULL 研究
Oracle中NULL与空字符串' '的区别
本文永久更新链接地址:

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



Go language is an efficient, concise and easy-to-learn programming language. It is favored by developers because of its advantages in concurrent programming and network programming. In actual development, database operations are an indispensable part. This article will introduce how to use Go language to implement database addition, deletion, modification and query operations. In Go language, we usually use third-party libraries to operate databases, such as commonly used sql packages, gorm, etc. Here we take the sql package as an example to introduce how to implement the addition, deletion, modification and query operations of the database. Assume we are using a MySQL database.

Apple's latest releases of iOS18, iPadOS18 and macOS Sequoia systems have added an important feature to the Photos application, designed to help users easily recover photos and videos lost or damaged due to various reasons. The new feature introduces an album called "Recovered" in the Tools section of the Photos app that will automatically appear when a user has pictures or videos on their device that are not part of their photo library. The emergence of the "Recovered" album provides a solution for photos and videos lost due to database corruption, the camera application not saving to the photo library correctly, or a third-party application managing the photo library. Users only need a few simple steps

Hibernate polymorphic mapping can map inherited classes to the database and provides the following mapping types: joined-subclass: Create a separate table for the subclass, including all columns of the parent class. table-per-class: Create a separate table for subclasses, containing only subclass-specific columns. union-subclass: similar to joined-subclass, but the parent class table unions all subclass columns.

How to use MySQLi to establish a database connection in PHP: Include MySQLi extension (require_once) Create connection function (functionconnect_to_db) Call connection function ($conn=connect_to_db()) Execute query ($result=$conn->query()) Close connection ( $conn->close())

To handle database connection errors in PHP, you can use the following steps: Use mysqli_connect_errno() to obtain the error code. Use mysqli_connect_error() to get the error message. By capturing and logging these error messages, database connection issues can be easily identified and resolved, ensuring the smooth running of your application.

HTML cannot read the database directly, but it can be achieved through JavaScript and AJAX. The steps include establishing a database connection, sending a query, processing the response, and updating the page. This article provides a practical example of using JavaScript, AJAX and PHP to read data from a MySQL database, showing how to dynamically display query results in an HTML page. This example uses XMLHttpRequest to establish a database connection, send a query and process the response, thereby filling data into page elements and realizing the function of HTML reading the database.

PHP is a back-end programming language widely used in website development. It has powerful database operation functions and is often used to interact with databases such as MySQL. However, due to the complexity of Chinese character encoding, problems often arise when dealing with Chinese garbled characters in the database. This article will introduce the skills and practices of PHP in handling Chinese garbled characters in databases, including common causes of garbled characters, solutions and specific code examples. Common reasons for garbled characters are incorrect database character set settings: the correct character set needs to be selected when creating the database, such as utf8 or u

Through the Go standard library database/sql package, you can connect to remote databases such as MySQL, PostgreSQL or SQLite: create a connection string containing database connection information. Use the sql.Open() function to open a database connection. Perform database operations such as SQL queries and insert operations. Use defer to close the database connection to release resources.
