Home Database Mysql Tutorial 使用exchange方式切换普通表到分区表

使用exchange方式切换普通表到分区表

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:49 PM
exchange

随着数据库数据量的不断增长,有些表需要由普通的堆表转换为分区表的模式。有几种不同的方法来对此进行操作,诸如导出表数据,然

随着数据库数据量的不断增长,有些表需要由普通的堆表转换为分区表的模式。有几种不同的方法来对此进行操作,诸如导出表数据,然后创建分区表再导入数据到分区表;使用EXCHANGE PARTITION方式来转换为分区表以及使用DBMS_REDEFINITION来在线重定义分区表。本文描述的是使用EXCHANGE PARTITION方式来实现,下面是具体的操作示例。

有关具体的dbms_redefinition在线重定义表的原理及步骤可参考:基于 dbms_redefinition 在线重定义表
有关使用DBMS_REDEFINITION在线重定义分区表可参考:使用DBMS_REDEFINITION在线切换普通表到分区表
有关分区表的描述请参考:Oracle 分区表

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Linux-6-64下安装Oracle 12C笔记

在CentOS 6.4下安装Oracle 11gR2(x64)

Oracle 11gR2 在VMWare虚拟机中安装步骤

Debian 下 安装 Oracle 11g XE R2

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1、主要步骤
a、为新的分区表准备相应的表空间
b、基于源表元数据创建分区表以及相关索引、约束等
c、使用exchange方式将普通表切换为分区表
d、更正相关索引及约束名等(可省略)
e、使用split根据需要将分区表分割为多个不同的分区
f、收集统计信息

2、准备环境

--创建用户
SQL> create user leshami identified by xxx;

SQL> grant dba to leshami;

--创建演示需要用到的表空间
SQL> create tablespace tbs_tmp datafile '/u02/database/SYBO2/oradata/tbs_tmp.dbf' size 10m autoextend on;

SQL> alter user leshami default tablespace tbs_tmp;

SQL> create tablespace tbs1 datafile '/u02/database/SYBO2/oradata/tbs1.dbf' size 10m autoextend on;

SQL> create tablespace tbs2 datafile '/u02/database/SYBO2/oradata/tbs2.dbf' size 10m autoextend on;

SQL> create tablespace tbs3 datafile '/u02/database/SYBO2/oradata/tbs3.dbf' size 10m autoextend on;

SQL> conn leshami/xxx

-- 创建一个lookup表
CREATE TABLE lookup (
  id            NUMBER(10),
  description  VARCHAR2(50)
);

--添加主键约束
ALTER TABLE lookup ADD (
  CONSTRAINT lookup_pk PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

--插入数据
INSERT INTO lookup (id, description) VALUES (1, 'ONE');
INSERT INTO lookup (id, description) VALUES (2, 'TWO');
INSERT INTO lookup (id, description) VALUES (3, 'THREE');
COMMIT;

--创建一个用于切换到分区的大表
CREATE TABLE big_table (
  id            NUMBER(10),
  created_date  DATE,
  lookup_id    NUMBER(10),
  data          VARCHAR2(50)
);

--填充数据到大表
DECLARE
  l_lookup_id    lookup.id%TYPE;
  l_create_date  DATE;
BEGIN
  FOR i IN 1 .. 10000 LOOP
    IF MOD(i, 3) = 0 THEN
      l_create_date := ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE, -24);
      l_lookup_id  := 2;
    ELSIF MOD(i, 2) = 0 THEN
      l_create_date := ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE, -12);
      l_lookup_id  := 1;
    ELSE
      l_create_date := SYSDATE;
      l_lookup_id  := 3;
    END IF;
   
    INSERT INTO big_table (id, created_date, lookup_id, data)
    VALUES (i, l_create_date, l_lookup_id, 'This is some data for ' || i);
  END LOOP;
  COMMIT;
END;
/

--为大表添加主、外键约束,,索引,以及添加触发器等.
ALTER TABLE big_table ADD (
  CONSTRAINT big_table_pk PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

CREATE INDEX bita_created_date_i ON big_table(created_date);

CREATE INDEX bita_look_fk_i ON big_table(lookup_id);

ALTER TABLE big_table ADD (
  CONSTRAINT bita_look_fk
  FOREIGN KEY (lookup_id)
  REFERENCES lookup(id)
);

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER tr_bf_big_table
  BEFORE UPDATE OF created_date
  ON big_table
  FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
  :new.created_date := TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss');
END tr_bf_big_table;
/

--收集统计信息
EXEC DBMS_STATS.gather_table_stats('LESHAMI', 'LOOKUP', cascade => TRUE);
EXEC DBMS_STATS.gather_table_stats('LESHAMI', 'BIG_TABLE', cascade => TRUE);

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