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详解在Linux或UNIX机器上设置多个DB2系统

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:52 PM
db2 linux installation

一台Linux或UNIX机器上设置多个DB2系统 在 DB2 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows Version 8 之前,SAP 客户只能在一台物理机器上安装

一台Linux或UNIX机器上设置多个DB2系统 在 DB2 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows Version 8 之前,SAP 客户只能在一台物理机器上安装每个 DB2 版本的一个拷贝,因为安装路径是硬编码的。尽管 DB2 Version 8 提供了替换的修订包映像,但是这些映像只用于测试,在生产环境中 SAP 不支持它们。

对于 DB2 9,客户可以在一台物理机器上安装多个 DB2 软件拷贝。数据库的安装是相互独立的。它们可以是不同级别的,可以安装在任何有效路径上。每个拷贝可以独立更新,而不会相互影响。所有装有 DB2 9 的 SAPR/3 3.1I 版本的环境都支持这一特性。另外,从 SAP NetWeaver 7.1 开始,SAP 安装程序充分利用这个特性,将 DB2软件安装在实例所有者的主目录中。

本文解释如何在一台 Linux 或 UNIX 机器上设置多个 DB2 系统,并让 SAP 应用程序与安装的不同数据库软件一起运行。

在一个系统上安装多个DB2拷贝

多个DB29拷贝共存的好处:对于DB2 9,客户可以在主机上多次安装 DB2软件,并给一个 SAP DB2 实例分配不同的 DB2 安装。安装的每个 DB2软件实例都独立运行。另外,以完整的安装映像形式提供每个修订包,这样就可以选择是在以前的映像上安装它,还是作为新映像单独安装。

有了这一改进,客户就可以让不同的 SAP 应用程序运行在同一主机不同级别的 DB2上。例如,您可以用一个新的修订包部署和测试 SAP应用程序,然后将生产系统转移到新安装上。它还提供了一种轻松地返回到以前的补丁级别的方法。每个实例都可以独立地更新。您不需要将修订包应用于以前的版本上并应用于所有实例,但是老方法仍然得到支持。

例如,假设客户有实例 I1、I2 和 I3。他安装 DB2 9的最初版本并相应地更新所有实例。然后安装 DB2 9 Fix Pack1;他可以选择在已经安装的最初版本上安装,或者在另一个路径上安装。然后,将实例 I1 和 I2 指向新路径进行更新。然后,在新路径上安装DB2 9 Fix Pack 2。此时,也能够通过指向新路径将包括 I3 在内的所有实例都更新为 Fix Pack 2。

可以在同一台物理机器上同时安装 Version 8 和 Version 9,也可以安装 Version 9 的多个级别的修订包。

与以前的 DB2 版本的差异

这个新特性使 DB2 出现了许多变化: 不能使用操作系统实用程序(例如 paged、rpm、smit 或 sisal)查询 DB2 产品。相反,要使用一个新命令 db2ls 跟踪机器上安装的 DB2 软件。它提供关于安装的 DB2 产品的信息,包括版本和安装的时间。

示例:

%/opt/ibm/db2/V9.1_01/install/db2ls

Install Path Level FixPack Special Install Number Install Date

---------------------------------------------------------------

/opt/ibm/db2/V9.1_01 9.1.0.0 0 Tue Jul 11 14:28:33 2006 EDT

/opt/ibm/db2/V9.1_02 9.1.0.1 1 Thu Sep 7 16:52:14 2006 EDT

用户不能使用本机操作系统实用程序(例如 ramp 或 smit)卸载 DB2 软件。要想卸载 DB2 产品,应该运行 db2_deinstall 命令,这个命令位于安装目录下。

示例:

%/opt/ibm/db2/V9.1_01/install/db2_deinstall -a

上面的命令可将 DB2 产品从 /opt/ibm/db2/V9.1_01 目录删除。

每个 DB2 系统可以有任意数量的 DB2实例。但是,在整个系统中实例名必须是惟一的。命令 db2ilist 只列出运行命令时所在的路径下创建的实例。同样,db2ilistdb2icrt 和 db2idrop 命令用于创建以及删除与运行命令时所在的 DB2 路径相关联的实例。

DB2 9修订包映像是完整的安装映像。可以使用映像运行全新的数据库安装,也可以将修订包应用于现有的安装。下面描述的安装过程适用于 DB2 9映像的最初版本以及修订包映像。惟一的差异是,如果用户使用修订包映像运行新安装,那么会安装试用许可证。然后,需要运行 db2licm afilename 来手工添加许可证。

安装

在开始安装之前,,应该确保操作系统满足安装 DB2 9 所需的所有前提条件。最新的系统需求列表请参阅 System Requirements 页面。

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