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Oracle中nul()函数

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:55 PM
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Oracle的nvl函数的用法通过查询获得某个字段的合计值,如果这个值位null将给出一个预设的默认值 select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) fro

Oracle的nvl函数的用法

通过查询获得某个字段的合计值,如果这个值位null将给出一个预设的默认值
select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) from tb_jhde t where zydm=-1
这里关心的nvl的用法,nvl(arg,value)代表如果前面的arg的值为null那么返回的值为后面的value
如: NVL(a,b)就是判断a是否是NULL,如果不是返回a的值,如果是返回b的值 通过查询获得某个字段的合计值,如果这个值位null将给出一个预设的默认值

另一个有关的有用方法
declare
i integer
select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) into i from tb_jhde t where zydm=-1
这样就可以把获得的合计值存储到变量i中,如果查询的值为null就把它的值设置为默认的1

Oracle下Nvl函数 nvl( ) 函数 从两个表达式返回一个非 null 值。
语法
NVL(eExpression1, eExpression2)
参数
eExpression1, eExpression2
如 果 eExpression1 的计算结果为 null 值,则 NVL( ) 返回 eExpression2。如果 eExpression1 的计算结果不是 null 值,则返回 eExpression1。eExpression1 和 eExpression2 可以是任意一种数据类型。如果 eExpression1 与 eExpression2 的结果皆为 null 值,,则 NVL( ) 返回 .NULL.。
返回值类型
字符型、日期型、日期时间型、数值型、货币型、逻辑型或 null 值
说明
在不支持 null 值或 null 值无关紧要的情况下,可以使用 NVL( ) 来移去计算或操作中的 null 值。 select nvl(a.name,'空得') as name from student a join school b on a.ID=b.ID 注意:两个参数得类型要匹配 问:什么是NULL? 答:在我们不知道具体有什么数据的时候,也即未知,可以用NULL, 我们称它为空,ORACLE中,含有空值的表列长度为零。
ORACLE允许任何一种数据类型的字段为空,除了以下两种情况:

1、主键字段(primary key),

2、定义时已经加了NOT NULL限制条件的字段

说明:

1、等价于没有任何值、是未知数。

2、NULL与0、空字符串、空格都不同。

3、对空值做加、减、乘、除等运算操作,结果仍为空。

4、NULL的处理使用NVL函数。

5、比较时使用关键字用“is null”和“is not null”。

6、空值不能被索引,所以查询时有些符合条件的数据可能查不出来, count(*)中,用nvl(列名,0)处理后再查。

7、排序时比其他数据都大(索引默认是降序排列,小→大), 所以NULL值总是排在最后。

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