Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle distinct关键字过滤重复记录详解

Oracle distinct关键字过滤重复记录详解

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:58 PM
oracle

distinct这个关键字来过滤掉多余的重复记录只保留一条,但往往只用 它来返回不重复记录的条数,而不是用它来返回不重记录的所有值

distinct这个关键字来过滤掉多余的重复记录只保留一条,但往往只用 它来返回不重复记录的条数,而不是用它来返回不重记录的所有值。其原因是distinct只有用二重循环查询来解决,而这样对于一个数据量非常大的站来说,无疑是会直接影响到效率的。

下面先来看看例子:

table表

字段1     字段2
   id        name
   1           a
   2           b
   3           c
   4           c
   5           b

库结构大概这样,这只是一个简单的例子,实际情况会复杂得多。

比如我想用一条语句查询得到name不重复的所有数据,那就必须使用distinct去掉多余的重复记录。

select distinct name from table
得到的结果是:

 ----------

name
   a
   b
   c

好像达到效果了,可是,我想要得到的是id值呢?改一下查询语句吧:

select distinct name, id from table

结果会是:

----------

id name
   1 a
   2 b
   3 c
   4 c
   5 b

distinct怎么没起作用?作用是起了的,不过他同时作用了两个字段,也就是必须得id与name都相同的才会被排除。。。。。。。

我们再改改查询语句:

select id, distinct name from table

很遗憾,除了错误信息你什么也得不到,distinct必须放在开头。难到不能把distinct放到where条件里?能,照样报错。

下面方法可行:

select *, count(distinct name) from table group by name

结果:

   id name count(distinct name)
   1 a 1
   2 b 1
   3 c 1

最后一项是多余的,不用管就行了,目的达到。。。。。

group by 必须放在 order by 和 limit之前,不然会报错

==============以上是关于Oracle的distinct的一种用法==============

用distinct关键字只能过滤查询字段中所有记录相同的(记录集相同),而如果要指定一个字段却没有效果,另外distinct关键字会排序,效率很低。

select distinct name from t1 能消除重复记录,但只能取一个字段,,现在要同时取id,name这2个字段的值。
select distinct id,name from t1 可以取多个字段,但只能消除这2个字段值全部相同的记录
所以用distinct达不到想要的效果,用group by   可以解决这个问题。

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