Oracle distinct关键字过滤重复记录详解
distinct这个关键字来过滤掉多余的重复记录只保留一条,但往往只用 它来返回不重复记录的条数,而不是用它来返回不重记录的所有值
distinct这个关键字来过滤掉多余的重复记录只保留一条,但往往只用 它来返回不重复记录的条数,而不是用它来返回不重记录的所有值。其原因是distinct只有用二重循环查询来解决,而这样对于一个数据量非常大的站来说,无疑是会直接影响到效率的。
下面先来看看例子:
table表
字段1 字段2
id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 c
5 b
库结构大概这样,这只是一个简单的例子,实际情况会复杂得多。
比如我想用一条语句查询得到name不重复的所有数据,那就必须使用distinct去掉多余的重复记录。
select distinct name from table
得到的结果是:
----------
name
a
b
c
好像达到效果了,可是,我想要得到的是id值呢?改一下查询语句吧:
select distinct name, id from table
结果会是:
----------
id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 c
5 b
distinct怎么没起作用?作用是起了的,不过他同时作用了两个字段,也就是必须得id与name都相同的才会被排除。。。。。。。
我们再改改查询语句:
select id, distinct name from table
很遗憾,除了错误信息你什么也得不到,distinct必须放在开头。难到不能把distinct放到where条件里?能,照样报错。
下面方法可行:
select *, count(distinct name) from table group by name
结果:
id name count(distinct name)
1 a 1
2 b 1
3 c 1
最后一项是多余的,不用管就行了,目的达到。。。。。
group by 必须放在 order by 和 limit之前,不然会报错
==============以上是关于Oracle的distinct的一种用法==============
用distinct关键字只能过滤查询字段中所有记录相同的(记录集相同),而如果要指定一个字段却没有效果,另外distinct关键字会排序,效率很低。
select distinct name from t1 能消除重复记录,但只能取一个字段,,现在要同时取id,name这2个字段的值。
select distinct id,name from t1 可以取多个字段,但只能消除这2个字段值全部相同的记录
所以用distinct达不到想要的效果,用group by 可以解决这个问题。

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