Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle常用语练习

Oracle常用语练习

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:59 PM
database

首先,以超级管理员的身份登录oracle sqlplus sys/bjsxt as sysdba 然后,解除对scott用户的锁 alter user scot

首先,以超级管理员的身份登录Oracle  
    sqlplus sys/bjsxt as sysdba  
 
然后,解除对scott用户的锁  
    alter user scott account unlock;  
那么这个用户名就能使用了。  
(默认全局数据库名orcl)  
 
1、select ename, sal * 12 from emp; //计算年薪  
2、select 2*3 from dual;  //计算一个比较纯的数据用dual表  
3、select sysdate from dual;  //查看当前的系统时间  
4、select ename, sal*12 anuual_sal from emp; //给搜索字段更改名称(双引号 keepFormat 别名有特殊字符,要加双引号)。  
5、任何含有空值的数学表达式,最后的计算结果都是空值。  
6、select ename||sal from emp;  //(将sal的查询结果转化为字符串,与ename连接到一起,,相当于Java中的字符串连接)  
7、select ename||'afasjkj' from emp;   //字符串的连接  
8、select distinct deptno from emp;   //消除deptno字段重复的值  
9、select distinct deptno , job from emp; //将与这两个字段都重复的值去掉  
10、select * from emp where deptno=10;   //(条件过滤查询)  
11、select * from emp where empno > 10;  //大于 过滤判断  
12、select * from emp where empno 10  //不等于  过滤判断  
13、select * from emp where ename > 'cba';  //字符串比较,实际上比较的是每个字符的AscII值,与在Java中字符串的比较是一样的  
14、select ename, sal from emp where sal between 800 and 1500;  //(between and过滤,包含800 1500)  
15、select ename, sal, comm from emp where comm is null;  //(选择comm字段为null的数据)  
16、select ename, sal, comm from emp where comm is not null;  //(选择comm字段不为null的数据)  
17、select ename, sal, comm from emp where sal in (800, 1500,2000);  //(in 表范围)  
18、select ename, sal, hiredate from emp where hiredate > '02-2月-1981'; //(只能按照规定的格式写)  
19、select ename, sal from emp where deptno =10 or sal >1000;  
20、select ename, sal from emp where deptno =10 and sal >1000;  
21、select ename, sal, comm from emp where sal not in (800, 1500,2000);  //(可以对in指定的条件进行取反)  
22、select ename from emp where ename like '%ALL%';   //(模糊查询)  
23、select ename from emp where ename like '_A%';    //(取第二个字母是A的所有字段)  
24、select ename from emp where ename like '%/%%';   //(用转义字符/查询字段中本身就带%字段的)  
25、select ename from emp where ename like '%$%%' escape '$';   //(用转义字符/查询字段中本身就带%字段的)  
26、select * from dept order by deptno desc; (使用order by  desc字段 对数据进行降序排列 默认为升序asc);  
27、select * from dept where deptno 10 order by deptno asc;   //(我们可以将过滤以后的数据再进行排序)    
28、select ename, sal, deptno from emp order by deptno asc, ename desc;   //(按照多个字段排序 首先按照deptno升序排列,当detpno相同时,内部再按照ename的降序排列)  
29、select lower(ename) from emp;  //(函数lower() 将ename搜索出来后全部转化为小写);  
30、select ename from emp where lower(ename) like '_a%';  //(首先将所搜索字段转化为小写,然后判断第二个字母是不是a)  
31、select substr(ename, 2, 3) from emp;    //(使用函数substr() 将搜素出来的ename字段从第二个字母开始截,一共截3个字符)  
32、select chr(65) from dual;  //(函数chr() 将数字转化为AscII中相对应的字符)   
33、select ascii('A') from dual;  //(函数ascii()与32中的chr()函数是相反的 将相应的字符转化为相应的Ascii编码)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             )  
34、select round(23.232) from dual;  //(函数round() 进行四舍五入操作)  
35、select round(23.232, 2) from dual;  //(四舍五入后保留的小数位数 0 个位 -1 十位)  
36、select to_char(sal, '$99,999.9999')from emp;  //(加$符号加入千位分隔符,保留四位小数,没有的补零)  
37、select to_char(sal, 'L99,999.9999')from emp;  //(L 将货币转化为本地币种此处将显示¥人民币)  
38、select to_char(sal, 'L00,000.0000')from emp;  //(补零位数不一样,可到数据库执行查看)  
39、select to_char(hiredate, 'yyyy-MM-DD HH:MI:SS') from emp;  //(改变日期默认的显示格式)  
40、select to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-MM-DD HH:MI:SS') from dual;  //(用12小时制显示当前的系统时间)  
41、select to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual;  //(用24小时制显示当前的系统时间)  
42、select ename, hiredate from emp where hiredate > to_date('1981-2-20 12:24:45','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS');   //(函数to-date 查询公司在所给时间以后入职的人员)  
43、select sal from emp where sal > to_number('$1,250.00', '$9,999.99');   //(函数to_number()求出这种薪水里带有特殊符号的)  
44、select ename, sal*12 +  nvl(comm,0) from emp;   //(函数nvl() 求出员工的"年薪 + 提成(或奖金)问题")  
45、select max(sal) from emp;  // (函数max() 求出emp表中sal字段的最大值)  
46、select min(sal) from emp;  // (函数max() 求出emp表中sal字段的最小值)  
47、select avg(sal) from emp;  //(avg()求平均薪水);  
48、select to_char(avg(sal), '999999.99') from emp;   //(将求出来的平均薪水只保留2位小数)  
49、select round(avg(sal), 2) from emp;  //(将平均薪水四舍五入到小数点后2位)  
50、select sum(sal) from emp;  //(求出每个月要支付的总薪水)  
 
/////////////////////////组函数(共5个):将多个条件组合到一起最后只产生一个数据//////min() max() avg() sum() count()/////////////////////////////  
51、select count(*) from emp;  //求出表中一共有多少条记录  
52、select count(*) from emp where deptno=10;  //再要求一共有多少条记录的时候,还可以在后面跟上限定条件  
53、select count(distinct deptno) from emp;   //统计部门编号前提是去掉重复的值  
////////////////////////聚组函数group by() //////////////////////////////////////  
54、select deptno, avg(sal) from emp group by deptno;  //按照deptno分组,查看每个部门的平均工资  
55、select max(sal) from emp group by deptno, job; //分组的时候,还可以按照多个字段进行分组,两个字段不相同的为一组  
56、select ename from emp where sal = (select max(sal) from emp); //求出  
57、select deptno, max(sal) from emp group by deptno; //搜素这个部门中薪水最高的的值  
//////////////////////////////////////////////////having函数对于group by函数的过滤 不能用where//////////////////////////////////////  
58、select deptno, avg(sal) from emp group by deptno having avg(sal) >2000; (order by )//求出每个部门的平均值,并且要 > 2000  
59、select avg(sal) from emp where sal >1200 group by deptno having avg(sal) >1500 order by avg(sal) desc;//求出sal>1200的平均值按照deptno分组,平均值要>1500最后按照sal的倒序排列  
60、select ename,sal from emp where sal > (select avg(sal) from emp);  //求那些人的薪水是在平均薪水之上的。  
61、select ename, sal from emp join (select max(sal) max_sal ,deptno from emp group by deptno) t on (emp.sal = t.max_sal and emp.deptno=t.deptno);  //查询每个部门中工资最高的那个人  
///////////////////////////////等值连接//////////////////////////////////////  
62、select e1.ename, e2.ename from emp e1, emp e2 where e1.mgr = e2.empno;  //自连接,把一张表当成两张表来用  
63、select ename, dname from emp, dept;  //92年语法 两张表的连接 笛卡尔积。  
64、select ename, dname from emp cross join dept; //99年语法 两张表的连接用cross join  
65、select ename, dname from emp, dept where emp.deptno = dept.deptno; // 92年语法 表连接 + 条件连接  
66、select ename, dname from emp join dept on(emp.deptno = dept.deptno); // 新语法  
67、select ename,dname from emp join dept using(deptno); //与66题的写法是一样的,但是不推荐使用using : 假设条件太多  
///////////////////////////////////////非等值连接///////////////////////////////////////////  
68、select ename,grade from emp e join salgrade s on(e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal); //两张表的连接 此种写法比用where更清晰  
69、select ename, dname, grade from emp e  
    join dept d on(e.deptno = d.deptno)  
    join salgrade s on (e.sal between s.losal and s.hisal)  
    where ename not like '_A%';  //三张表的连接  
70、select e1.ename, e2.ename from emp e1 join emp e2 on(e1.mgr = e2.empno); //自连接第二种写法,同62  
71、select e1.ename, e2.ename from emp e1 left join emp e2 on(e1.mgr = e2.empno); //左外连接 把左边没有满足条件的数据也取出来  
72、select ename, dname from emp e right join dept d on(e.deptno = d.deptno); //右外连接  
73、select deptno, avg_sal, grade from (select deptno, avg(sal) avg_sal from emp group by deptno) t join salgrade s  on    (t.avg_sal between s.losal and s.hisal);//求每个部门平均薪水的等级  
74、select ename from emp where empno in (select mgr from emp); // 在表中搜索那些人是经理  
75、select sal from emp where sal not in(select distinct e1.sal from emp e1 join emp e2 on(e1.sal 76、select deptno, max_sal from  
    (select avg(sal) max_sal,deptno from emp group by deptno)  
        where max_sal =  
        (select max(max_sal) from  
         (select avg(sal) max_sal,deptno from emp group by deptno)  
    );//求平均薪水最高的部门名称和编号。  
77、select t1.deptno, grade, avg_sal from  
      (select deptno, grade, avg_sal from  
    (select deptno, avg(sal) avg_sal from emp group by deptno) t  
        join salgrade s on(t.avg_sal between s.losal and s.hisal)  
      ) t1  
    join dept on (t1.deptno = dept.deptno)  
    where t1.grade =   
      (  
        select min(grade) from  
          (select deptno, grade, avg_sal from  
    (select deptno, avg(sal) avg_sal from emp group by deptno) t  
    join salgrade s on(t.avg_sal between s.losal and s.hisal)  
     )  
   )//求平均薪水等级最低的部门的名称 哈哈 确实比较麻烦  
78、create view v$_dept_avg_sal_info as  
    select deptno, grade, avg_sal from  
       (select deptno, avg(sal) avg_sal from emp group by deptno) t  
    join salgrade s on(t.avg_sal between s.losal and s.hisal);  
    //视图的创建,一般以v$开头,但不是固定的   

linux

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

How does Go language implement the addition, deletion, modification and query operations of the database? How does Go language implement the addition, deletion, modification and query operations of the database? Mar 27, 2024 pm 09:39 PM

Go language is an efficient, concise and easy-to-learn programming language. It is favored by developers because of its advantages in concurrent programming and network programming. In actual development, database operations are an indispensable part. This article will introduce how to use Go language to implement database addition, deletion, modification and query operations. In Go language, we usually use third-party libraries to operate databases, such as commonly used sql packages, gorm, etc. Here we take the sql package as an example to introduce how to implement the addition, deletion, modification and query operations of the database. Assume we are using a MySQL database.

Detailed tutorial on establishing a database connection using MySQLi in PHP Detailed tutorial on establishing a database connection using MySQLi in PHP Jun 04, 2024 pm 01:42 PM

How to use MySQLi to establish a database connection in PHP: Include MySQLi extension (require_once) Create connection function (functionconnect_to_db) Call connection function ($conn=connect_to_db()) Execute query ($result=$conn->query()) Close connection ( $conn->close())

How does Hibernate implement polymorphic mapping? How does Hibernate implement polymorphic mapping? Apr 17, 2024 pm 12:09 PM

Hibernate polymorphic mapping can map inherited classes to the database and provides the following mapping types: joined-subclass: Create a separate table for the subclass, including all columns of the parent class. table-per-class: Create a separate table for subclasses, containing only subclass-specific columns. union-subclass: similar to joined-subclass, but the parent class table unions all subclass columns.

iOS 18 adds a new 'Recovered' album function to retrieve lost or damaged photos iOS 18 adds a new 'Recovered' album function to retrieve lost or damaged photos Jul 18, 2024 am 05:48 AM

Apple's latest releases of iOS18, iPadOS18 and macOS Sequoia systems have added an important feature to the Photos application, designed to help users easily recover photos and videos lost or damaged due to various reasons. The new feature introduces an album called "Recovered" in the Tools section of the Photos app that will automatically appear when a user has pictures or videos on their device that are not part of their photo library. The emergence of the "Recovered" album provides a solution for photos and videos lost due to database corruption, the camera application not saving to the photo library correctly, or a third-party application managing the photo library. Users only need a few simple steps

An in-depth analysis of how HTML reads the database An in-depth analysis of how HTML reads the database Apr 09, 2024 pm 12:36 PM

HTML cannot read the database directly, but it can be achieved through JavaScript and AJAX. The steps include establishing a database connection, sending a query, processing the response, and updating the page. This article provides a practical example of using JavaScript, AJAX and PHP to read data from a MySQL database, showing how to dynamically display query results in an HTML page. This example uses XMLHttpRequest to establish a database connection, send a query and process the response, thereby filling data into page elements and realizing the function of HTML reading the database.

Analysis of the basic principles of MySQL database management system Analysis of the basic principles of MySQL database management system Mar 25, 2024 pm 12:42 PM

Analysis of the basic principles of the MySQL database management system MySQL is a commonly used relational database management system that uses structured query language (SQL) for data storage and management. This article will introduce the basic principles of the MySQL database management system, including database creation, data table design, data addition, deletion, modification, and other operations, and provide specific code examples. 1. Database Creation In MySQL, you first need to create a database instance to store data. The following code can create a file named "my

Tips and practices for handling Chinese garbled characters in databases with PHP Tips and practices for handling Chinese garbled characters in databases with PHP Mar 27, 2024 pm 05:21 PM

PHP is a back-end programming language widely used in website development. It has powerful database operation functions and is often used to interact with databases such as MySQL. However, due to the complexity of Chinese character encoding, problems often arise when dealing with Chinese garbled characters in the database. This article will introduce the skills and practices of PHP in handling Chinese garbled characters in databases, including common causes of garbled characters, solutions and specific code examples. Common reasons for garbled characters are incorrect database character set settings: the correct character set needs to be selected when creating the database, such as utf8 or u

How does Go WebSocket integrate with databases? How does Go WebSocket integrate with databases? Jun 05, 2024 pm 03:18 PM

How to integrate GoWebSocket with a database: Set up a database connection: Use the database/sql package to connect to the database. Store WebSocket messages to the database: Use the INSERT statement to insert the message into the database. Retrieve WebSocket messages from the database: Use the SELECT statement to retrieve messages from the database.

See all articles