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MySQL编码不一致导致乱码问题解决

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:59 PM
database

使用MySQL常常会出现乱码问题,一般情况下都是因为编码不一致造成,以下提供了MySQL数据编码相关的一些信息,希望会有所帮助。一

使用MySQL常常会出现乱码问题,一般情况下都是因为编码不一致造成,以下提供了MySQL数据编码相关的一些信息,希望会有所帮助。

一、MySQL的编码机制:

1、数据库级别的编码:数据库服务器上允许建立不同编码的数据库,在数据库建立时需要指定编码;

2、表级别的编码:同一个数据库中可以建立不同编码的表,在表建立时需要指定编码,默认为用户连接时的编码;

3、表字段级别的编码:同一个表中可以建立不同编码的字段,默认为表的编码,要对字段指定特殊的编码,必须在字段中明确指定编码格式;

4、建立数据库连接时的编码:用户可以在建立数据库连接时指定编码,默认为服务器的配置。

二、出现乱码的一般原因:

1、建立数据库连接时使用的编码不对:例如:数据库编码为UTF-8,连接数据时没有指定编码格式常常会造成乱码问题,正常的解决应该是在driverURL中指定编码 jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zhuojh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

2、表的编码和driverURL中指定编码不一致造成的乱码问题例如:表的编码是latin1,driverURL中指定编码却是UTF-8,在保存时就会提示保存了错误的数据,解决方式就是使用相同的编码

3、表的编码和表中字段编码不一致造成的乱码问题例如:表的编码是UTF-8,表中的字段却是latin,这种情况编码问题处理起来比较复杂,建议统一编码格式,有兴趣者可以深入研究

三、案例

1、Spring、Hibernate、Struts和Proxool,采用MySQL数据库乱码问题解决:如果表和字段的编码一致都是UTF-8,在Proxool配置中指定下配置项,,即可解决乱码问题 jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zhuojh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

2、Spring、Struts和iBatis,采用MySQL数据库乱码问题解决:如果表和字段的编码一致都是UTF-8,在属性文件配置中指定下配置项,即可解决乱码问题 jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bcq?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8

3、Linux下使用MySQL自带的备份工具转换不同编码格式的表数据如果源表的编码格式为latin1,目标表的编码格式为UTF-8,在Linux环境下可以使用以下命令进行转换 mysqldump -C -h ${source_host} -u${source_username} -p${source_password} --default-character-set=latin1 source_database source_tablename|sed -e 's/latin1/utf8/'|mysql -u${local_username} -p${local_password} local_tablename

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