Oracle一些函数 lpad nvl upper replace
lpad在Oracle/PLSQL中,lpad函数将左边的字符串填充一些特定的字符,其语法格式如下: lpad( string1, padded_length, [ pad_
lpad
在Oracle/PLSQL中,lpad函数将左边的字符串填充一些特定的字符,
其语法格式如下:
lpad( string1, padded_length, [ pad_string ] )
其中string1是需要粘贴字符的字符串
padded_length是返回的字符串的数量,如果这个数量比原字符串的长度要短,lpad函数将会把字符串截取成padded_length;
pad_string是个可选参数,这个字符串是要粘贴到string1的左边,如果这个参数未写,lpad函数将会在string1的左边粘贴空格。
例如:
lpad('tech', 7); 将返回' tech'
lpad('tech', 2); 将返回'te'
lpad('tech', 8, '0'); 将返回'0000tech'
lpad('tech on the net', 15, 'z'); 将返回 'tech on the net'
lpad('tech on the net', 16, 'z'); 将返回 'ztech on the net'
nvl
通过查询获得某个字段的合计值,如果这个值为null将给出一个预设的默认值
例如:
select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1)
from tb_jhde t
就表示如果sum(t.dwxhl) = NULL 就返回 1
另一个有关的有用方法
declare i integer
select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) into i from tb_jhde t where zydm=-1这样就可以把获得的合计值存储到变量i中,如果查询的值为null就把它的值设置为默认的1
通过查询获得某个字段的合计值,,如果这个值位null将给出一个预设的默认值
select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) from tb_jhde t where zydm=-1
这里关心的nvl的用法,nvl(arg,value)代表如果前面的arg的值为null那么返回的值为后面的value
另一个有关的有用方法
declare
i integer
select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) into i from tb_jhde t where zydm=-1
这样就可以把获得的合计值存储到变量i中,如果查询的值为null就把它的值设置为默认的1
Upper()
功能将字符串中的小写字母转换为大写字母。
语法Upper( string )
参数string:要将其中的小写字母转换为大写字母的字符串返回值String。函数执行成功时返回将小写字母转换为大写字母后的字符串,发生错误时返回空字符串("")。如果string参数的值为NULL,Upper()函数返回NULL。
eg:select upper('AaCdD') from dual;
UPPER('AACDD')
Replace函数
描述
返回一个字符串,该字符串中指定的子字符串已被替换成另一子字符串,并且替换发生的次数也是指定的。
语法
Replace(expression, find, replacewith[, start[, count[, compare]]])
Replace函数语法有如下几部分:
部分 描述
expression 必需的。字符串表达式,包含要替换的子字符串。
find 必需的。要搜索到的子字符串。
replacewith 必需的。用来替换的子字符串。
start 可选的。在表达式中子字符串搜索的开始位置。如果忽略,假定从1开始。
count 可选的。子字符串进行替换的次数。如果忽略,缺省值是 -1,它表明进行所有可能的替换。
compare 可选的。数字值,表示判别子字符串时所用的比较方式。关于其值,请参阅“设置值”部分。
设置值
compare参数的设置值如下:
常数 值 描述
vbUseCompareOption -1 使用Option Compare语句的设置值来执行比较。
vbBinaryCompare 0 执行二进制比较。
vbTextCompare 1 执行文字比较。
vbDatabaseCompare 2 仅用于Microsoft Access。基于您的数据库的信息执行比较。
返回值
Replace的返回值如下:
如果 Replace返回值
expression长度为零 零长度字符串("")。
expression为Null 一个错误。
find长度为零 expression的复本。
replacewith长度为零 expression的复本,其中删除了所有出现的find 的字符串。
start > Len(expression) 长度为零的字符串。
count is 0 expression.的复本。
说明
Replace函数的返回值是一个字符串,但是,其中从start所指定的位置开始,到expression字符串的结尾处的一段子字符串已经发生过替换动作。
并不是原字符串从头到尾的一个复制。

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