Oracle SQL语句分析Explain Plan
EXPLAIN PLAN 是一个很好的分析SQL 语句的工具,它甚至可以在不执行SQL 的情况下分析语句. 通过分析,我们就可以知道ORACLE 是怎么
EXPLAIN PLAN 是一个很好的分析SQL 语句的工具,它甚至可以在不执行SQL 的情况下分析语句. 通过分析,我们就可以知道Oracle 是怎么样连接表,使用什么方式扫描表(索引扫描或全表扫描)以及使用到的索引名称.
你需要按照从里到外,从上到下的次序解读分析的结果. EXPLAIN PLAN 分析的结果是用缩进的格式排列的, 最内部的操作将被最先解读, 如果两个操作处于同一层中,带有最小操作号的将被首先执行.
1,,安装
以sys用户执行创建脚本,脚本位于$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlxplan.sql。
执行的方法,cp $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlxplan.sql /home/utlxplan.sql
进入数据库中执行:@/home/utlxplan.sql
执行完之后,数据库中会有个plan的表,用来存储分析的信息。
2,使用
语法:
explain PLAN [ SET STATEMENT_ID [=] ] [ INTO ]
FOR
其中:
STATEMENT_ID:是一个唯一的字符串,把当前执行计划与存储在同一PLAN中的其它执行计划区别开来。
TABLE_NAME:是plan表名,它结构如前所示,你可以任意设定这个名称。
SQL_STATEMENT:是真正的要分析的SQL语句
例如:
explain plan set statement_id='T_TEST' for select * from t;
分析:
SQL>SELECT A.OPERATION,OPTIONS,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,ID,PARENT_ID
2 FROM PLAN_TABLE a
3 WHERE STATEMENT_ID='T_TEST'
4 ORDER BY Id;
grant all on plan_table to public;#授权所有用户
为了在sql*plus中使用autotrace。需要执行一下操作:
要在数据库中建立一个角色plustrace,用sys用户运行脚本plustrce.sql来创建这个角色,这个脚本在目录 (UNIX:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin, Windows:%ORACLE_HOME%/sqlplus/admin)中;
方法通ultxplain.sql一样。
授权:将plustrace的权限授予需要autotrace的用户
grant plustruce to public;
启动关闭autotrace:
set autotrace on/off;
只显示执行计划
set autotrace on explain;
只显示统计信息:
set autotrace on statistics;
显示执行计划,屏蔽执行结果;
set autotrace on traceonly;
仅仅显示执行计划,屏蔽执行结果:
set autotrace on traceonly explain;

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