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Oracle客户端连接服务器常见问题

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:04 PM
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要排除客户端与服务器端的连接问题,首先检查客户端配置是否正确(客户端配置必须与数据库服务器端监听配置一致),再根据错误提示

要排除客户端与服务器端的连接问题,首先检查客户端配置是否正确(客户端配置必须与数据库服务器端监听配置一致),再根据错误提示解决。下面列出几种常见的连接问题:
1、 ORA-12541: TNS: 没有监听器
显而易见,服务器端的监听器没有启动,另外检查客户端IP地址或端口填写是否正确。启动监听器(可能要在Oracle用户下启动):
$ lsnrctl start

C:\lsnrctl start
2、 ORA-12500: TNS: 监听程序无法启动专用服务器进程
对于Windows而言,没有启动Oracle实例服务。启动实例服务:
C:\oradim –startup -sid myoracle
3、 ORA-12535: TNS: 操作超时
出现这个问题的原因很多,但主要跟网络有关。解决这个问题,首先检查客户端与服务端的网络是否畅通,如果网络连通,则检查两端的防火墙是否阻挡了连接。
4、 ORA-12154: TNS: 无法处理服务名
检查输入的服务名与配置的服务名是否一致。另外注意生成的本地服务名文件(Windows下如D:\oracle\ora92\network\admin\tnsnames.ora,Linux/Unix下$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora)里每项服务的首行服务名称前不能有空格。
5、 ORA-12514: TNS: 监听进程不能解析在连接描述符中给出的 SERVICE_NAME
打开Net Manager,选中服务名称,检查服务标识栏里的服务名输入是否正确。该服务名必须与服务器端监听器配置的全局数据库名一致。
6、 Windows下启动监听服务提示找不到路径
用命令或在服务窗口中启动监听提示找不到路径,或监听服务启动异常。打开注册表,进入HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/Current ControlSet/Services/OracleOraHome92TNSListener项,查看ImagePath字符串项是否存在,如果没有,设定值为D:\oracle\ora92\BIN\TNSLSNR,不同的安装路径设定值做相应的更改。这种方法同样适用于Oracle实例服务,同上,找到如同HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/Current ControlSet/Services/Oracle ServiceMYORACLE项,查看ImagePath字符串项是否存在,如果没有,则新建,设定值为d:\oracle\ora92\binORACLE.EXE MYORACLE。
以上是Oracle客户端连接服务器端常见的一些问题,当然不能囊括所有的连接异常。解决问题的关键在于方法与思路,,而不是每种问题都有固定的答案。
 
7、TNS-01155: Incorrectly specified SID_LIST_LISTENER parameter in LISTENER.ORA
TNS-01155: Incorrectly specified SID_LIST_LISTENER parameter in LISTENER.ORA 这个错误的原因是我们更改了listener.ora文件:所以导致lsnrctl无法启动oracle 1521端口。具体解决办法如下:

修改$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora(下面是改好的).(曾经按照网上的改法修改后,仍然不能解决此问题,最后只能参照网上的改法,以及 $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/samples/listener.ora文件的语法规则进行更改后才得以解决此问题)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
# (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /usr/oracle_db/product/10.2.0/)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
# (PROGRAM = extproc)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
)
)

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