Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL事件调度器详解

MySQL事件调度器详解

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:06 PM
database

自MySQL5.1.6起,增加了一个非常有特色的功能ndash;事件调度器(Event Scheduler),可以用做定时执行某些特定任务(例如:删除记

自MySQL5.1.6起,增加了一个非常有特色的功能–事件调度器(Event Scheduler),可以用做定时执行某些特定任务(例如:删除记录、对数据进行汇总等等),来取代原先只能由操作系统的计划任务来执行的工作。更值得一提的是MYSQL的事件调度器可以精确到每秒钟执行一个任务,而操作系统的计划任务(如:Linux下的CRON或Windows下的任务计划)只能精确到每分钟执行一次。对于一些对数据实时性要求比较高的应用(例如:股票、赔率、比分等)就非常适合。

事件调度器有时也可称为临时触发器(temporal triggers),因为事件调度器是基于特定时间周期触发来执行某些任务,而触发器(Triggers)是基于某个表所产生的事件触发的,,区别也就在这里。

在使用这个功能之前必须确保event_scheduler已开启,可执行
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = 1;
或我们可以在配置my.ini文件 中加上 event_scheduler = 1或
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = ON;
来开启,也可以直接在启动命令加上“–event_scheduler=1”,例如:
mysqld ... --event_scheduler=1
要查看当前是否已开启事件调度器,可执行如下SQL:
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';

SELECT @@event_scheduler;

拥有 SUPER 权限的账户执行 SHOW PROCESSLIST 就可以看到这个线程了
5.3、定时服务配置
先来看一下它的语法:
CREATE EVENT [IF NOT EXISTS] event_name
    ON SCHEDULE schedule
    [ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]
    [ENABLE | DISABLE]
    [COMMENT 'comment']
    DO sql_statement;
schedule:
    AT TIMESTAMP [+ INTERVAL INTERVAL]
| EVERY INTERVAL [STARTS TIMESTAMP] [ENDS TIMESTAMP]
INTERVAL:
    quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE |
              WEEK | SECOND | YEAR_MONTH | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE |
              DAY_SECOND | HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}
5.3.1每秒插入一条记录到数据表
USE test;
CREATE TABLE aaa (timeline TIMESTAMP);
CREATE EVENT e_test_insert
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 SECOND
DO INSERT INTO test.aaa VALUES (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
等待3秒钟后,再执行查询看看:
mysql> SELECT * FROM aaa;
+---------------------+
| timeline            |
+---------------------+
| 2007-07-18 20:44:26 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:27 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:28 |
+---------------------+
5.3.2 5秒(天)后清空test表
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 SECOND
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
CREATE EVENT e_test
ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY
DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;

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