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Oracle中LOB 处理

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:08 PM
o database

主要是用来存储大量数据的数据库字段,最大可以存储4G字节的非结构化数据。主要介绍字符类型和二进制文件类型LOB数据的存储,单独

三,大对象数据的读取和操作:DBMS_LOB包
   DBMS_LOB包:包含处理大对象的过程和函数
   /*
   insert into tlob values(1,'Gene','CLOB大对象列',empty_blob(),bfilename('MYDIR','IMG_0210.JPG'));
   insert into tlob values(2,'Jack','CLOB大对象列',empty_blob(),bfilename('MYDIR','IMG_0210.JPG'));
   insert into tlob values(3,'Mary','大对象列CLOB',empty_blob(),bfilename('MYDIR','IMG_0210.JPG'));
   */
  1,读取大对象数据的过程和函数
   ①:DBMS_LOB.Read():从LOB数据中读取指定长度数据到缓冲区的过程。
      DBMS_LOB.Read(LOB数据,指定长度,起始位置,存储返回LOB类型值变量);
     例子:
     Declare
        varC clob;
     vRStr varchar2(1000);
        ln number(4);
        Strt number(4);
     Begin
        select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1;
        ln := DBMS_LOB.GetLength(varC);
        Strt := 1;
        DBMS_LOB.Read(varC, ln, Strt, vRStr);
        DBMS_output.put_line('Return: '||vRStr);
     End;
  
   ②:DBMS_LOB.SubStr():从LOB数据中提取子字符串的函数。
    DBMS_LOB.SubStr(LOB数据,指定提取长度,提取起始位置):
    例子:
     Declare
       varC clob;
      vRStr varchar2(1000);
      ln number(4);
      Strt number(4);
     Begin
      select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1;
      ln := 4;
      Strt := 1;
      vRStr := DBMS_LOB.SubStr(varC, ln, Strt);
      DBMS_output.put_line('结果为: '||vRStr);
     End;
   
   ③:DBMS_LOB.InStr():从LOB数据中查找子字符串位置的函数。
     DBMS_LOB.InStr(LOB数据, 子字符串);
     例子:
     Declare 
      varC clob;
      vSubStr varchar2(1000);
      vRStr varchar2(1000);
      ln number(4);
     Begin
      select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1;
        vSubStr := '大对象';
      ln := DBMS_LOB.InStr(varC,vSubStr);
      DBMS_output.put_line('位置为: '||ln);
     
      vRStr := DBMS_LOB.SubStr(varC, Length(vSubStr), ln);
      DBMS_output.put_line('位置为'||ln||'长度为'||Length(vSubStr)||'的子字符串为:'||vRStr);
     End;
   
   ④:DBMS_LOB.GetLength():返回指定LOB数据的长度的函数。
     DBMS_LOB.GetLength(LOB数据);
   
   ⑤:DBMS_LOB.Compare():比较二个大对象是否相等。返回数值0为相等,-1为不相等。
     DBMS_LOB.Compare(LOB数据,LOB数据);
     例子:
     Declare 
        varC1 clob;
      varC2 clob;
      varC3 clob;
      ln number(4);
     Begin
      select resume into varC1 from tlob where no = 1;
      select resume into varC2 from tlob where no = 2;
      select resume into varC3 from tlob where no = 3;
      ln := DBMS_LOB.Compare(varC1,varC1);
      DBMS_output.put_line('比较的结果为: '||ln);
      ln := DBMS_LOB.Compare(varC2,varC3);
      DBMS_output.put_line('比较的结果为: '||ln);
     End;
   2,操作大对象数据的过程
    操作会改变数据库中原有数据,需要加上Updata锁锁上指定数据列,修改完后提交事务。
   
   ①:DBMS_LOB.Write():将指定数量的数据写入LOB的过程。
     DBMS_LOB.Write(被写入LOB, 写入长度(指写入LOB数据),写入起始位置(指被写入LOB),写入LOB数据);
     例子:
     Declare
        varC clob;
        vWStr varchar2(1000);
        vStrt number(4);
      ln number(4);
     Begin
        vWStr := 'CLOB';
        ln := Length(vWStr);
        vStrt := 5;
        select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1 FOR UPDATE;
        DBMS_LOB.Write(varC, ln, vStrt, vWStr);
        DBMS_output.put_line('改写结果为: '||varC);
        Commit;
     End;
   
   ②:DBMS_LOB.Append():将指定的LOB数据追加到指定的LOB数据后的过程。
     DBMS_LOB.Append(LOB数据,LOB数据);
     例子:
     Declare
      varC clob;
      vAStr varchar2(1000);
     Begin
      vAStr := ',这是大对象列';
      select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1 FOR UPDATE;
      DBMS_LOB.Append(varC, vAStr);
      commit;
      DBMS_output.put_line('追加结果为: '||varC);
     End; 
   
   ③:DBMS_LOB.Erase():删除LOB数据中指定位置的部分数据的过程;
     DBMS_LOB.Erase(LOB数据,指定删除长度, 开始删除位置);
     例子:
     Declare
      varC clob;
      ln number(4);
      strt number(4);
     Begin
      ln := 1;
      strt := 5;
      select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1 FOR UPDATE;
      DBMS_LOB.Erase(varC, ln, strt);
      commit;
      DBMS_output.put_line('擦除结果为: '||varC);
     End;  
   
   ④:DBMS_LOB.Trim():截断LOB数据中从第一位置开始指定长度的部分数据的过程;
     DBMS_LOB.Trim(LOB数据,,截断长度);
     例子:
     Declare
     varC clob;
     ln number(4);
     Begin
      ln := 4;
      select resume into varC from tlob where no = 1 FOR UPDATE;
      DBMS_LOB.Trim(varC, ln);
      COMMIT;
      DBMS_output.put_line('截断结果为: '||varC);
     End;
   
   ⑤:DBMS_LOB.Copy():从指定位置开始将源LOB复制到目标LOB;
     DBMS_LOB.Copy(源LOB,目标LOB,复制源LOB长度,复制到目标LOB开始位置,复制源LOB开始位置)
     例子:
     Declare 
      vDEST_LOB clob;
      vSRC_LOB clob;
      AMOUNT number;
      DEST_OFFSET number;
      SRC_OFFSET number;
     Begin
      select resume into vDEST_LOB from tlob where no = 1 FOR UPDATE; 
      select resume into vSRC_LOB from tlob where no = 2 ;
      
      AMOUNT := DBMS_LOB.GetLength(vSRC_LOB);
      DEST_OFFSET := DBMS_LOB.GetLength(vDEST_LOB)+1;
      SRC_OFFSET := 1;
      
      DBMS_LOB.Copy(vDEST_LOB, vSRC_LOB, AMOUNT, DEST_OFFSET, SRC_OFFSET);
      DBMS_output.put_line('拷贝结果为: '||vDEST_LOB);
     End;

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