Home Database Mysql Tutorial 详解Oracle序列和触发器的使用

详解Oracle序列和触发器的使用

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:08 PM
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下面是用Oracle Client建表时用到序列和触发器,我们来记录一下它们的用法:主要是通过创建序列和触发器实现表的主键自增。

下面是用Oracle Client建表时用到序列和触发器,我们来记录一下它们的用法:主要是通过创建序列和触发器实现表的主键自增。

首先创建序列,序列的语法格式为:

CREATE SEQUENCE name
[INCREMENT BY n]
[START WITH n]
[{MAXVALUE/ MINVALUE n|NOMAXVALUE}]
[{CYCLE|NOCYCLE}]
[{CACHE n|NOCACHE}];

INCREMENT BY 用于定义序列的步长,如果省略,则默认为1,如果出现负值,则代表序列的值是按照此步长递减的。

START WITH 定义序列的初始值(即产生的第一个值),默认为1。

MAXVALUE 定义序列生成器能产生的最大值。选项NOMAXVALUE是默认选项,代表没有最大值定义,这时对于递增序列,,系统能够产生的最大值是10的27次方;对于递减序列,最大值是-1。

MINVALUE定义序列生成器能产生的最小值。选项NOMAXVALUE是默认选项,代表没有最小值定义,这时对于递减序列,系统能够产生的最小值是?10的26次方;对于递增序列,最小值是1。

CYCLE和NOCYCLE 表示当序列生成器的值达到限制值后是否循环。CYCLE代表循环,NOCYCLE代表不循环。如果循环,则当递增序列达到最大值时,循环到最小值;对于递减序列达到最小值时,循环到最大值。如果不循环,达到限制值后,继续产生新值就会发生错误。

CACHE(缓冲)定义存放序列的内存块的大小,默认为20。NOCACHE表示不对序列进行内存缓冲。对序列进行内存缓冲,可以改善序列的性能。

删除序列的语法是DROP SEQUENCE name;

假设有表A,其主键为ID,首先建立递增序列SEQ_A:

create sequence SEQ_A

increment by 1

start with 1

minvalue 1 nomaxvalue

nocylce

然后建立触发器,当有数据插入表A 时,使用序列为其去的递增的主键值

create trigger TRG_A before insert on A
for each row
begin
select SEQ_A.nextval into :new.ID from dual;
end;

至此,创建完成

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