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详解PHP中instanceof关键字及instanceof关键字有什么作用_php实例

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:11 PM

PHP5的另一个新成员是instdnceof关键字。使用这个关键字可以确定一个对象是类的实例、类的子类,还是实现了某个特定接口,并进行相应的操作。在某些情况下,我们希望确定某个类是否特定的类型,或者是否实现了特定的接口。instanceof操作符非常适合完成这个任务。instanceof操作符检查三件事情:实例是否某个特定的类型,实例是否从某个特定的类型继承,实例或者他的任何祖先类是否实现了特定的接口。例如,假设希望了解名为manager的对象是否为类Employee的实例:

$manager = new Employee();
…
if ($manager instanceof Employee)
  echo "Yes";
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有两点值得注意。首先,类名没有任何定界符(引号)。使用定界符将导致语法错误。其次,如果比较失败,脚本将退出执行。instanceof关键字在同时处理多个对象时特别有用。例如,你可能要重复地调用某个函数,但希望根据对象类型调整函数的行为。可以使用case语句和instanceof关键字来实现这个目标。

class test{}
class test{}
class testChilern Extends test{}
$a = new test();
$m = new test();
$i = ($m instanceof test);
if($i)
  echo '$m是类test的实例!<br />'; // get this value
switch ($a instanceof test){
  case true :
    echo 'YES<br />';
    break;
  case false :
    echo 'No<br />'; //get this value
    break;
}
$d=new testChilern();
if($d instanceof test)echo '$d是类test的子类!<br />'; // get this value
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php中 instanceof有什么作用

作用:(1)判断一个对象是否是某个类的实例,(2)判断一个对象是否实现了某个接口。

第一种用法:

<&#63;php
$obj = new A();
if ($obj instanceof A) {
  echo 'A';
}
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第二种用法:

<&#63;php
interface ExampleInterface
{
   public function interfaceMethod();
 }
 class ExampleClass implements ExampleInterface
{
   public function interfaceMethod()
   {
     return 'Hello World!';
   }
 }
$exampleInstance = new ExampleClass();
 if($exampleInstance instanceof ExampleInterface){
   echo 'Yes, it is';
 }else{
   echo 'No, it is not';
} 
&#63;>
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输出结果:Yes, it is

另外,需注意 instanceof 与 is_subclass_of() 的区别,请看代码:

<&#63;php
class Foo {
   public $foobar = 'Foo';
   public function test() {
     echo $this->foobar . "\n";
   }
 }
 class Bar extends Foo {
   public $foobar = 'Bar';
 }
$a = new Foo();
$b = new Bar();
echo "use of test() method\n";
$a->test();
$b->test();
echo "instanceof Foo\n";
var_dump($a instanceof Foo); // TRUE
var_dump($b instanceof Foo); // TRUE
echo "instanceof Bar\n";
var_dump($a instanceof Bar); // FALSE
var_dump($b instanceof Bar); // TRUE
echo "subclass of Foo\n";
var_dump(is_subclass_of($a, 'Foo')); // FALSE
var_dump(is_subclass_of($b, 'Foo')); // TRUE
echo "subclass of Bar\n";
var_dump(is_subclass_of($a, 'Bar')); // FALSE
var_dump(is_subclass_of($b, 'Bar')); // FALSE
&#63;>
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 输出结果(PHP 5.4.4):

 use of test() method
 Foo
 Bar
 instanceof Foo
 bool(true)
 bool(true)
 instanceof Bar
 bool(false)
 bool(true)
 subclass of Foo
 bool(false)
 bool(true)
 subclass of Bar
 bool(false)

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