深入理解PHP变量的值类型和引用类型_php实例
在PHP中,大部分变量类型,如字符串,整型,浮点,数组等都是值类型的,而类和对象是引用类型,在使用的时候,需要注意这一点。
看到网友在讨论PHP的&符号,要彻底理解它的用法,就有必要讨论一下变量的两种形式。
PHP的变量在内存中是这样存储的,变量保存的并不直接是值的内容,而是地址。例如:
$a = 1;
我们看起来,似乎变量$a直接存储了 1 这个值。而实际情况是,PHP解释器创建了变量$a,将值:1 存入内存中的某个地方,再将值的地址存到变量$a中。
需要取值时,先找到变量$a中的地址,再根据地址找到变量的值。
往下看:
echo $a;
会输出1,PHP解释器会这样完成这一样代码:找到$a中存储的地址,根据地址找到存在内存某个地方的值,输出到屏幕。
看似一行简单的代码,流程却是这样的。
再往下看:
$a = 1; $b = &$a;
这里的变量$b 做了一个有趣的操作,&符号取出了$a变量中存储的地址,并存储到$b变量。
那么,如果使用下面代码:
echo $b;
结果也将是输出1,PHP解释器先取出$b中存储的地址,再根据地址找到值。如果我们做下面的操作:
$a = 2; echo $b; //输出2
会发现改变$a的值,$b也跟着变了。其实反过来,改变$b的值,$a的值也会跟这变。
到这一步,我们可以确定,变量$a和$b存储了相同的地址,指向的值是一样的。
那么,我们可以得出结论:它们表示的是同一个变量。
进一步总结,可以得出:如果两个变量存储了相同的地址,它们就是同一个变量。
了解了着一些内容,我们开始介绍值类型和引用类型。
我们先看下面的代码:
$a = 1; $b = $a; $a = 2; echo $b; //输出 1
将$a的值赋给$b,改变$a的值后,$b的值依然不变,也就是说$a和$b是两个不同的变量,指向不同的地址。这种赋值时会创建不同的变量的形式我们称之为值类型。
再看:
class User{ public $name = ‘Tome‘; } $a = new User; $b = $a; $a->name = ‘Jim‘; echo $b->name; //输出 Jim
同样将$a的值赋给$b,改变$a后,$b也跟着变了,也就是说$a和$b是同一个变量,指向相同的地址。这种赋值时不会创建新的变量的形式我们称之为引用类型。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Laravel simplifies handling temporary session data using its intuitive flash methods. This is perfect for displaying brief messages, alerts, or notifications within your application. Data persists only for the subsequent request by default: $request-

The PHP Client URL (cURL) extension is a powerful tool for developers, enabling seamless interaction with remote servers and REST APIs. By leveraging libcurl, a well-respected multi-protocol file transfer library, PHP cURL facilitates efficient execution of various network protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP. This extension offers granular control over HTTP requests, supports multiple concurrent operations, and provides built-in security features.

Laravel provides concise HTTP response simulation syntax, simplifying HTTP interaction testing. This approach significantly reduces code redundancy while making your test simulation more intuitive. The basic implementation provides a variety of response type shortcuts: use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http; Http::fake([ 'google.com' => 'Hello World', 'github.com' => ['foo' => 'bar'], 'forge.laravel.com' =>

Do you want to provide real-time, instant solutions to your customers' most pressing problems? Live chat lets you have real-time conversations with customers and resolve their problems instantly. It allows you to provide faster service to your custom

PHP logging is essential for monitoring and debugging web applications, as well as capturing critical events, errors, and runtime behavior. It provides valuable insights into system performance, helps identify issues, and supports faster troubleshoot

Article discusses late static binding (LSB) in PHP, introduced in PHP 5.3, allowing runtime resolution of static method calls for more flexible inheritance.Main issue: LSB vs. traditional polymorphism; LSB's practical applications and potential perfo

Laravel simplifies HTTP verb handling in incoming requests, streamlining diverse operation management within your applications. The method() and isMethod() methods efficiently identify and validate request types. This feature is crucial for building

The Storage::download method of the Laravel framework provides a concise API for safely handling file downloads while managing abstractions of file storage. Here is an example of using Storage::download() in the example controller:
