诊断并解决ORA-04031 错误
诊断并解决ORA-04031 错误,当我们在共享池中试图分配大片的连续内存失败的时候,Oracle首先清除池中当前没使用的所有对象,使空
诊断并解决ORA-04031 错误
当我们在共享池中试图分配大片的连续内存失败的时候,Oracle首先清除池中当前没使用的所有对象,使空闲内存块合并。如果仍然没有足够大单个的大块内存满足请求,就会产生ORA-04031 错误。
当这个错误出现的时候你得到的错误解释信息类似如下:
04031, 00000, "unable to allocate %s bytes of shared memory (\"%s\",\"%s\",\"%s\",\"%s\")" // *Cause: More shared memory is needed than was allocated in the shared // pool. // *Action: If the shared pool is out of memory, either use the // dbms_shared_pool package to pin large packages, // reduce your use of shared memory, or increase the amount of // available shared memory by increasing the value of the // INIT.ORA parameters "shared_pool_reserved_size" and // "shared_pool_size". // If the large pool is out of memory, increase the INIT.ORA // parameter "large_pool_size". 1.共享池相关的实例参数在继续之前,有必要理解下面的实例参数:
这个参数指定了共享池的大小,单位是字节。可以接受数字值或者数 字后面跟上后缀"K" 或 "M" 。"K"代表千字节, "M"代表兆字节。
指定了为共享池内存保留的用于大的连续请求的共享池空间。当共享池碎片强制使 Oracle 查找并释放大块未使用的池来满足当前的请求的时候,这个参 数和SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_MIN_ALLOC 参数一起可以用来避免性能下降。
注:大多数的常见的 ORA-4031 的产生都和 SHARED POOL SIZE 有关,这篇文章中的诊断步骤大多都是关于共享池的。 对于其它方面如Large_pool或是Java_pool,内存分配算法都是相似的,一般来说都是因为结构不够大造成。
ORA-04031 可能是因为 SHARED POOL 不够大,或是因为碎片问题导致数据库不能找到足够大的内存块 。
ORA-04031 错误通常是因为库高速缓冲中或共享池保留空间中的碎片。 在加大共享池大小的时 候考虑调整应用,使用共享的SQL 并且调整如下的参数: SHARED_POOL_SIZE, SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_SIZE, SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_MIN_ALLOC. 首先判定是否ORA-04031 错误是由共享池保留空间中的库高速缓冲的碎片产生的。提交下的查询: SELECT free_space, avg_free_size,used_space, avg_used_size, request_failures, last_failure_size FROM v$shared_pool_reserved; 如果: REQUEST_FAILURES > 0 并且 LAST_FAILURE_SIZE > SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_MIN_ALLOC那么ORA-04031 错误就是因为共享池保留空间缺少连续空间所致。要解决这个问题,可以考虑加大SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_MIN_ALLOC 来降低缓冲进共 享池保留空间的对象数目,并增大 SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_SIZE 和 SHARED_POOL_SIZE 来加大共享池保留空间的可用 内存。
如果: REQUEST_FAILURES > 0 并且 LAST_FAILURE_SIZE 那么是因为在库高速缓冲缺少连续空间导致ORA-04031 错误。第一步应该考虑降低SHARED_POOL_RESERVED_MIN_ALLOC 以放入更多的对象到共享池 保留空间中并且加大SHARED_POOL_SIZE。

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