Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle中的dual详解

Oracle中的dual详解

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:17 PM
database

Dual表是oracle与数据字典一起自动创建的一个表,这个表只有1列DUMMY,数据类型为VERCHAR2(1),dual表中只有一个数据

对于Oracle的dual,有以下几点我们需要明确:

第一点
dual不是缩写词而是完整的单词。dual名词意思是对数,做形容词时是指二重的,二元的。

第二点
Oracle中的dual表是一个单行单列的虚拟表。

第三点
Dual表是oracle与数据字典一起自动创建的一个表,这个表只有1列DUMMY,数据类型为VERCHAR2(1),dual表中只有一个数据'X', Oracle有内部逻辑保证dual表中永远只有一条数据。

第四点
Dual表主要用来选择系统变量或求一个表达式的值。

第五点
最常见的一个简单的例子SELECT sysdate FROM daul
Oracle的SELECT语法的限制为 SELECT * | [column1 [AS alias1], column2 [AS alias2]] FROM table
所以没有表名就没有办法查询,而时间日期并不存放在任何表中,于是这个dual虚拟表的概念就被引入了。

DUAL表的用途

dual是Oracle中的一个实际存在的表,任何用户均可读取,常用在没有目标表的Select语句块中。

查看当前连接用户
select user from dual;
SYSTEM

查看当前日期、时间
select sysdate from dual;
2012-1-24 1

日期转换
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;
2012-01-24 15:02:47

当作计算器用
select 1+2 from dual;
3

创建查看序列值
create sequence aaa increment by 1 start with 1;
select aaa.nextval from dual;
1

select aaa.currval from dual;
1

DUAL就是个一行一列的表,如果你往里执行insert,delete,truncate操作,就会导致很多程序出问题。结果也因sql*plus、pl/sql dev等工具而异。假我们插入想dual插入一条数据,那会是什么结果呢?

insert into dual values('Y');


select * from dual;
DUMMY
-----
X
Y


select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
-----------
2012-07-15
2012-07-15

这个时候返回的是两条记录,会引起问题。在通过使用select sysdate into v_sysdate from dual来获取时间或者其他信息的存储过程来说,,ORACLE会抛出TOO_MANY_ROWS(ORA-01422)异常。

因此,需要保证在DUAL表内有且仅有一条记录,不能把DUAL表的UPDATE,INSERT,DELETE权限随意释放出去,这样对于系统是很危险的。

如果不小心把dual删除了,是可以恢复的。

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