Home Database Mysql Tutorial 通过DBMS_RANDOM得到随机

通过DBMS_RANDOM得到随机

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:25 PM

DBMS_RANDOM包提供给用户获取随机数。使用DBMS_RANDOM包的时候,提供随机数种子,所谓的随机数种子就是在RANDOM算法时候使用的值

DBMS_RANDOM包提供给用户获取随机数。使用DBMS_RANDOM包的时候,提供随机数种子,所谓的随机数种子就是在RANDOM算法时候使用的值。在很多编程语言中,两次随机数的种子是一样的,那么得到的随机数序列也是一样的。所以很有必要在使用DBMS_RANDOM获取随机数的时候,提供不同的种子来获取序列,DMBS_RANDOM包中的过程与函数如下:

1)INITIALIZE:
该过程初始化DMBS_RANDOM包,必须要初始化随机数种子,语法如下:
DBMS_RANDOM.INITIALIZE(SEED IN BINARY_INTERGER)

2)SEED
该过程用于重新设置随机数种子,语法如下:
DBMS_RANDOM.SEED(SEED IN BINARY_INTEGER);

3)RANDOM
该函数用于生成随机数,语法如下:
DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM RETURN BINARY_INTEGER;

4)TERMINATE
该过程用于关闭DBMS_RANDOM包,,语法如下:
DBMS_RANDOM.TERMINATE;

下面是几个获取随机数的例子:

SET SERVEROUT ON;

DECLARE
  n_randomNum NUMBER(10);
  n_randomSeed CONSTANT NUMBER :=98765;
BEGIN
    dbms_random.initialize(n_randomSeed);
    FOR i IN 0..10 LOOP                 
        n_randomNum := abs(dbms_random.random()/ n_randomSeed);
        dbms_output.put_line(n_randomNum);
    END LOOP;
    dbms_random.terminate;
END;

得到0到10之间的整数:

SELECT CEIL(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(0,10)) FROM DUAL;

得到0到1之间的一个小数:

SELECT dbms_random.VALUE FROM dual;

得到0到100之间的一个小数:

SELECT dbms_random.VALUE(0,100) FROM dual;

获取字符以及数字组成的随机数(第一个参数可以取值如下:'u','U':大写字母、'l','L':小写字母、'a','A':大、小写字母、'x','X':数字、大写字母、'p','P':可打印字符、):

select dbms_random.string('x', 3) from dual ;

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