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Oracle nvl(),nvl2()函数介绍

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:26 PM
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NVL函数 Oracle/PLSQL中的一个函数。 格式为: NVL( string1, replace_with) 功能:如果string1为NULL,则NVL函数返

NVL函数 Oracle/PLSQL中的一个函数。

  格式为:

  NVL( string1, replace_with)

  功能:如果string1为NULL,则NVL函数返回replace_with的值,否则返回string1的值。

  注意事项:string1和replace_with必须为同一数据类型,除非显示的使用TO_CHAR函数。

  例:NVL(TO_CHAR(numeric_column), 'some string') 其中numeric_column代指某个数字类型的值。

  例:nvl(yanlei777,0) > 0

  NVL(yanlei777, 0) 的意思是 如果 yanlei777 是NULL, 则取 0值

  通过查询获得某个字段的合计值,如果这个值为null将给出一个预设的默认值

  例如:

  select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1)

  from tb_jhde t

  就表示如果sum(t.dwxhl) = NULL 就返回 1

  另一个有关的有用方法

  declare i integer

  select nvl(sum(t.dwxhl),1) into i from tb_jhde t where zydm=-1这样就可以把获得的合计值存储到变量

  i中,如果查询的值为null就把它的值设置为默认的1

  oracle中:

  select nvl(rulescore,0) from zwjc_graderule where rulecode='FWTD';

  如果记录中不存在rulecode ='FWTD'的数据.则查不出数据.

  select nvl(rulescore,0) into rule_score from zwjc_graderule where rulecode='FWTD';会报查不到数据的错

  select nvl(sum(rulescore),0) from zwjc_graderule where rulecode='FWTD';

  如果记录中不存在rulecode ='FWTD'的数据.还是可以得到一行列名为nvl(rulescore,0),值为0的数据.

  select nvl(sum(rulescore),0) into rule_score from zwjc_graderule where rulecode='FWTD'; 不会报错

NVL的扩展-NVL2

  Oracle在NVL函数的功能上扩展,提供了NVL2函数。

  NVL2(E1, E2, E3)的功能为:如果E1为NULL,则函数返回E3,若E1不为null,则返回E2。

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