Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle的在线重定义表功能

Oracle的在线重定义表功能

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:28 PM
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在一个高可用系统中,如果需要改变一个表的定义是一件比较棘手的问题,尤其是对于7times;24系统。Oracle提供的基本语法基本可以

在一个高可用系统中,如果需要改变一个表的定义是一件比较棘手的问题,尤其是对于7×24系统。Oracle提供的基本语法基本可以满足一般性修改,但是对于把普通堆表改为分区表,把索引组织表修改为堆表等操作就无法完成了。而且,对于被大量DML语句访问的表,幸运的是,Oracle从9i版本开始提供了在线重定义表功能,,通过调用DBMS_REDEFINITION包,可以在修改表结构的同时允许DML操作。

在线重定义表具有以下功能:

调用DBMS_REDEFINITION包需要EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE角色,除此之外,还需要CREATE ANY TABLE、ALTER ANY TABLE、DROP ANY TABLE、LOCK ANY TABLE和SELECT ANY TABLE的权限。

在线重定义表的步骤如下:

1.选择一种重定义方法:

存在两种重定义方法,一种是基于主键、另一种是基于ROWID。ROWID的方式不能用于索引组织表,而且重定义后会存在隐藏列M_ROW$$。默认采用主键的方式。

2.调用DBMS_REDEFINITION.CAN_REDEF_TABLE()过程,如果表不满足重定义的条件,将会报错并给出原因。

3.在用一个方案中建立一个空的中间表,根据重定义后你期望得到的结构建立中间表。比如:采用分区表,增加了COLUMN等。

4.调用DBMS_REDEFINITION.START_REDEF_TABLE()过程,并提供下列参数:被重定义的表的名称、中间表的名称、列的映射规则、重定义方法。

如果映射方法没有提供,则认为所有包括在中间表中的列用于表的重定义。如果给出了映射方法,则只考虑映射方法中给出的列。如果没有给出重定义方法,则认为使用主键方式。

5.在中间表上建立触发器、索引和约束,并进行相应的授权。任何包含中间表的完整性约束应将状态置为disabled。

当重定义完成时,中间表上建立的触发器、索引、约束和授权将替换重定义表上的触发器、索引、约束和授权。中间表上disabled的约束将在重定义表上enable。

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