Oracle 11g 在线重定义
在Oracle9i出现之前,你只能通过MOVE或导出和导入的方式来进行表的重定义,因此表重定义的过程可能相当漫长或者说是一个离线过程
在Oracle9i出现之前,你只能通过MOVE或导出和导入的方式来进行表的重定义,因此表重定义的过程可能相当漫长或者说是一个离线过程,在此期间应用程序对该表的操作将失败。除了这个,如果用exp,我们也不能保证exp的时候该表的数据没有改变(除非单用户),而imp更是一个漫长的过程。为了解决这个问题,Oracle9i在其DBMS_REDEFINITION软件包中引入了在线重定义功能。这个特性对24*7的数据库系统来说非常重要,使用这个技术DBA可以在保持表允许DML语句的情况下修改结构,比如添加列、移动表到其他表空间、处理表的碎片等,当然了对于表的碎片处理,在10g以后,可以考虑使用shrink操作来实现,关于shrink在这里不做讨论。
在线重定义具有以下功能:
(1)修改表的存储参数;
(2)可以将表转移到其他表空间;
(3)在表上增加、修改或删除一列或是多列;
(4)增加并行查询选项;
(5)增加分区支持;
(6)修改分区结构;
(7)重建表以减少碎片;
(8)将堆表改为索引组织表或相反的操作;
在线重定义的方法
1.基于主键
2.基于ROWID。ROWID的方式不能用于索引组织表,,而且重定义后会存在隐藏列M_ROW$$。
默认采用主键的方式。
在线重定义的一些限制
1.要求原始表和中间表在同一个方案下;
2.要求有2倍甚至是多于2倍的表空间空间;
3.如果使用主键重定义的方式,原始表上要有主键;
对于在线重定义的步骤,这里不再具体说明,我们通过一个实验来演示一下,下面是一个把普通表转换成分区表在线重定义的例子
一、首先创建用户tj,并授予能够完成在线重定义的权限和角色
SQL> create user tj identified by tj
2 default tablespace users
3 temporary tablespace temp
4 quota unlimited on users;
User created.
SQL> GRANT CREATE SESSION, CREATE ANY TABLE,ALTER ANY TABLE,
2 DROP ANY TABLE, LOCK ANY TABLE ,SELECT ANY TABLE,
3 CREATE ANY INDEX,CREATE ANY TRIGGER
4 TO TJ;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> GRANT EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE TO TJ;
Grant succeeded.

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