Home Database Mysql Tutorial 当心 CREATE TABLE AS

当心 CREATE TABLE AS

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:28 PM

对 DBA 而言,CREATE TABLE AS 可谓是家常便饭,顺手拈来。需不知该方式虽然简单,但疏忽也容易导致意想不到的问题。笔者前阵子就

对 DBA 而言,CREATE TABLE AS 可谓是家常便饭,顺手拈来。需不知该方式虽然简单,但疏忽也容易导致意想不到的问题。笔者前阵子就碰上了这样的事情。由于是对原表进行克隆,且数据存储在不同的表空间,因此毫不犹豫地使用了CREATE TABLE AS,结果在运行package时,error...

--1、非空约束遗失
-->使用create table as 来创建对象
scott@CNMMBO> create table tb_dept as select * from dept where 1=0;

Table created.

scott@CNMMBO> desc dept;
 Name                                                  Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
 DEPTNO                                                NOT NULL NUMBER(2)
 DNAME                                                          VARCHAR2(14)
 LOC                                                            VARCHAR2(13)

scott@CNMMBO> desc tb_dept;
 Name                                                  Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
 DEPTNO                                                        NUMBER(2)
 DNAME                                                          VARCHAR2(14)
 LOC                                                            VARCHAR2(13)

-->从上面的desc可以看出新创建的表少了非空约束
-->下面手动为其增加非空约束,增加后与原来的表是一致的。当然使用create table as时,索引是需要单独重建的。
scott@CNMMBO> alter table tb_dept modify (deptno not null); 

Table altered.

scott@CNMMBO> drop table tb_dept;    -->删除刚刚穿件的表tb_dept

Table dropped.

--2、存在非空约束时default约束遗失
-->下面为表dept的loc列添加非空约束,且赋予default值
scott@CNMMBO> alter table dept modify (loc default 'BeiJing' not null);

Table altered.

-->为原始表新增一条记录
scott@CNMMBO> insert into dept(deptno,dname) select 50,'DEV' from dual;

1 row created.

scott@CNMMBO> commit;

Commit complete.

-->下面的查询可以看到新增记录50的loc为缺省值'BeiJing'
scott@CNMMBO> select * from dept;

    DEPTNO DNAME          LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
        10 ACCOUNTING    NEW YORK
        20 RESEARCH      DALLAS
        30 SALES          CHICAGO
        40 OPERATIONS    BOSTON
        50 DEV            BeiJing

-->再次使用create table as来创建对象
scott@CNMMBO> create table tb_dept as select * from dept;

Table created.       

-->从下面可知,由于列loc存在default值,,所以此时not null约束被同时赋予
scott@CNMMBO> desc tb_dept
 Name                                                  Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
 DEPTNO                                                        NUMBER(2)
 DNAME                                                          VARCHAR2(14)
 LOC                                                  NOT NULL VARCHAR2(13)
 
scott@CNMMBO> select * from tb_dept;

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