CentOS 5.6 x32安装Oracle 11g图文教程
oracle11安装的SWAP需要在2.57G以上,因此在安装centos时候,确保swap大于2.57G
一、运行环境
注意:Oracle11安装的SWAP需要在2.57G以上,,因此在安装CentOS时候,确保swap大于2.57G
系统环境:centos 5.6 32位(图形安装)
硬盘分区:
/boot 150M
swap 4096M(最少要3G以上)
/ 10G
/home 5G
/tmp 5G
/usr 10G
/usr/local 10G
/var 10G
/opt 10G
/data 剩余所有
df -h
#同步时钟
yum -y install ntp
ntpdate time.nist.gov
echo "* */2 * * * /sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov" >> /etc/crontab
关闭服务:
iptables
selinux
portmap
rpc.statd
cupsd
avahi-daemon
sendmail
killall iptables
chkconfig --level 2345 iptables off
killall portmap
chkconfig --level 2345 portmap off
killall avahi-daemon
chkconfig --level 2345 avahi-daemon off
killall sendmail
chkconfig --level 2345 sendmail off
二、安装oracle 11gR2 依赖的组件包
#需要以下组件:
Downloading Packages:
(1/22): libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm | 12 kB
(2/22): numactl-devel-0.9.8-11.el5.i386.rpm | 17 kB
(3/22): elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm | 24 kB
(4/22): elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm | 66 kB
(5/22): libgomp-4.4.4-13.el5.i386.rpm | 72 kB
(6/22): libgcc-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm | 96 kB
(7/22): nscd-2.5-58.el5_6.3.i386.rpm | 167 kB
(8/22): sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5_5.1.i386.rpm | 170 kB
(9/22): pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm | 198 kB
(10/22): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm | 232 kB
(11/22): libstdc++-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm | 362 kB
(12/22): glibc-headers-2.5-58.el5_6.3.i386.rpm | 603 kB
(13/22): unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm | 739 kB
(14/22): unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm | 832 kB
(15/22): kernel-headers-2.6.18-238.9.1.el5.i386.rpm | 1.1 MB
(16/22): glibc-devel-2.5-58.el5_6.3.i386.rpm | 2.0 MB
(17/22): cpp-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm | 2.7 MB
(18/22): libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm | 2.8 MB
(19/22): gcc-c++-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm | 3.4 MB
(20/22): gcc-4.1.2-50.el5.i386.rpm | 5.2 MB
(21/22): glibc-2.5-58.el5_6.3.i686.rpm | 5.3 MB
(22/22): glibc-common-2.5-58.el5_6.3.i386.rpm
yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-common glibc-devel gcc gcc-c++ libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pdksh numactl-devel glibc-headers
/sbin/ldconfig
三、调整内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
#让内核参数生效
sysctl -p
#修改limits.conf
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
#oracle settings
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
#修改系统版本(RedHat 5.×系列系统略过这步)
cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release.bk
vi /etc/redhat-release
#修改内容为:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 5 (Taroon)
#修改/etc/pam.d/login
#添加以下内容:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
#修改/etc/profile
vi /etc/profile
#添加以下内容:
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
#修改/etc/csh.login
vi /etc/csh.login
#添加以下内容:
if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit deors 65536
endif
四、创建oracle用户
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle #753951
mkdir -p /data/oracle
mkdir -p /data/oralnventory
mkdir -p /data/software
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/software
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oralnventory
#设置用户环境变量
#su - oracle
$ vi .bash_profile
#添加以下内容:
ORACLE_SID=kerry; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin; export PATH
ORACLE_BASE下是admin和product
ORACLE_HOME下则是ORACLE的命令、连接库、安装助手、listener等等一系列的东东。
这只是ORACLE自己的定义习惯。ORACLE_HOME比ORACLE_BASE目录要更深一些。也就是说:ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/version
ORACLE_BASE是oracle的根目录,ORACLE_HOME是oracle产品的目录。
简单说,你如果装了2个版本的oracle,那么ORACLE_BASE可以是一个,但ORACLE_HOME是2个
全局数据库名用于区别分布式数据库各个不同机器上的实例。
SID用于区别同一台机器上的不同实例,
即一个用于外部区分。
一个用于内部区分。
$source .bash_profile

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