Home Database Mysql Tutorial 在优化SQL语句中使用虚拟索引

在优化SQL语句中使用虚拟索引

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:32 PM
sql statement optimization

是在不损耗主机CPU,IO,磁盘空间去实际创建索引的情况下,来判断一个索引是否能够对SQL优化起到作用。列如我们在优化一条SQL语句的

定义:虚拟索引(virtual index) 是指没有创建对应的物理段的索引。

虚拟索引的目的:是在不损耗主机CPU,IO,磁盘空间去实际创建索引的情况下,来判断一个索引是否能够对SQL优化起到作用。列如我们在优化一条SQL语句的时候,通常会查看需要优化的语句的执行计划,在考虑是否需要在表的某列上建立索引时就可以用到虚拟索引。虚拟索引建立的时候因为其没有消耗主机的相关资源,因此可以在相当快的时间内建立完成。

下面我们来看一下试验:

首先建立两张测试表

create table bigtab as select rownum as id,a.* from sys.all_objects a;

create table smalltab as select rownum as id,a.* from sys.all_tables a;

多次运行以下语句,,以插入多一些测试数据:

insert into bigtab select ronum as id,a.* from sys.all_objects a;

insert into smalltab select rownum as id,a.* from sys.all_tables a;

查看需要执行语句的执行计划:

SQL> explain plan for select count(*) from bigtab a,smalltab b where a.object_name=b.table_name;

Explained.

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display());

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3089226980

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name    | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time    |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|  0 | SELECT STATEMENT    |          |    1 |    40 |  518  (1)| 00:00:07 |
|  1 |  SORT AGGREGATE    |          |    1 |    40 |            |          |
|*  2 |  HASH JOIN        |          | 99838 |  3899K|  518  (1)| 00:00:07 |
|  3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| SMALLTAB | 15311 |  299K|  172  (0)| 00:00:03 |
|  4 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL| BIGTAB  | 85284 |  1665K|  345  (1)| 00:00:05 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

  2 - access("A"."OBJECT_NAME"="B"."TABLE_NAME")

16 rows selected.

下面我们在两个表上创建两个虚拟索引,分别在object_name和table_name列上,看看优化器是否会使用这两个索引,以及优化器的成本会如何变化。

SQL> show parameter _use_nosegment
SQL> alter session set "_use_nosegment_indexes"=true;

Session altered.

SQL> show parameter _use_nosegment                 

NAME                                TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
_use_nosegment_indexes              boolean    TRUE
SQL> create index big_ind on bigtab(object_name) nosegment;

Index created.

SQL> create index small_ind on smalltab(table_name) nosegment;               

linux

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