Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle数据库的字段约束创建和维护

Oracle数据库的字段约束创建和维护

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:32 PM

创建Oracle数据库的字段约束: 非空约束唯一约束对字段的取值的约束默认值外键约束 create table tab_class( class_id number pr

创建Oracle数据库的字段约束:

非空约束
唯一约束
对字段的取值的约束
默认值
外键约束

create table tab_class(
 class_id number primary key,
 class_name varchar2(10) not null unique
);

create table tab_stu(
stu_id number,
 --学生姓名,不能为空,不能重复
stu_name varchar2(20) not null unique,
 --学生姓名只能是male或female
stu_gender varchar2(6) not null check(stu_gender='male' or stu_gender='female'),
 --学生年龄只能在18到60之间
stu_age number check(stu_age >18 and stu_age  --邮箱可以不填写,填写的话不能相同
stu_email varchar2(30) unique,
stu_address varchar2(30),
--外键约束
class_id number not null references tab_class(class_id)
);

维护已经创建好的约束:

可添加或删除约束,但不能直接修改。
可使约束启用和禁用。
非空约束必须使用MODIFY子句增加。
为表增加主键约束:

--维护约束
--创建约束
create table tab_check(
 che_id number,
 che_name varchar2(20)
);
--为表增加主键约束
alter table tab_check
add constraints tab_check primary key(che_id);

--添加唯一约束,tab_check_unique表示约束的名称
alter table tab_check
add constraints tab_check_unique unique(che_name);

添加检查约束:

--添加一个字段
alter table tab_check
add che_age number;
--添加检查约束
alter table tab_check
add constraints tab_check_age check(che_age>18 and che_age

--删除主键约束
alter table tab_check
drop constraints tab_check;

--禁用约束
alter table tab_check disable constraints tab_check;

--启用约束
alter table tab_check enable constraints tab_check;

复合约束,联合主键,也就是两个字段的组合成一个主键

--联合主键
create table tab_person(
 tab_firstname varchar2(10),
 tab_lastname varchar2(10),
 tab_gender varchar2(5),
 primary key(tab_firstname,tab_lastname)
);

为表添加外键约束:

alter table tab_stu
add constraints tab_stu foreign key(class_id) references tab_class(class_id);

相关阅读:

Oracle完整性约束

Oracle的约束和索引

从Oracle的约束到索引

Oracle常用数据类型和完整性约束

ORA-02291: 违反完整约束条件 …… - 未找到父项关键字

linux

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? Apr 09, 2025 am 12:05 AM

Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:09 PM

InnoDB's full-text search capabilities are very powerful, which can significantly improve database query efficiency and ability to process large amounts of text data. 1) InnoDB implements full-text search through inverted indexing, supporting basic and advanced search queries. 2) Use MATCH and AGAINST keywords to search, support Boolean mode and phrase search. 3) Optimization methods include using word segmentation technology, periodic rebuilding of indexes and adjusting cache size to improve performance and accuracy.

Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Apr 08, 2025 pm 03:21 PM

Yes, MySQL can be installed on Windows 7, and although Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows 7, MySQL is still compatible with it. However, the following points should be noted during the installation process: Download the MySQL installer for Windows. Select the appropriate version of MySQL (community or enterprise). Select the appropriate installation directory and character set during the installation process. Set the root user password and keep it properly. Connect to the database for testing. Note the compatibility and security issues on Windows 7, and it is recommended to upgrade to a supported operating system.

Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:25 PM

The difference between clustered index and non-clustered index is: 1. Clustered index stores data rows in the index structure, which is suitable for querying by primary key and range. 2. The non-clustered index stores index key values ​​and pointers to data rows, and is suitable for non-primary key column queries.

What are some popular MySQL GUI tools (e.g., MySQL Workbench, phpMyAdmin)? What are some popular MySQL GUI tools (e.g., MySQL Workbench, phpMyAdmin)? Mar 21, 2025 pm 06:28 PM

Article discusses popular MySQL GUI tools like MySQL Workbench and phpMyAdmin, comparing their features and suitability for beginners and advanced users.[159 characters]

How do you handle large datasets in MySQL? How do you handle large datasets in MySQL? Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:15 PM

Article discusses strategies for handling large datasets in MySQL, including partitioning, sharding, indexing, and query optimization.

MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

Explain different types of MySQL indexes (B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, Spatial). Explain different types of MySQL indexes (B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, Spatial). Apr 02, 2025 pm 07:05 PM

MySQL supports four index types: B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, and Spatial. 1.B-Tree index is suitable for equal value search, range query and sorting. 2. Hash index is suitable for equal value searches, but does not support range query and sorting. 3. Full-text index is used for full-text search and is suitable for processing large amounts of text data. 4. Spatial index is used for geospatial data query and is suitable for GIS applications.

See all articles