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Oracle之DBMS_RANDOM 包用法详解

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:36 PM

dbms_random是一个可以生成随机数值或者字符串的程序包。这个包有initialize()、seed()、terminate()、value()、normal()、rando

dbms_random是一个可以生成随机数值或者字符串的程序包。

这个包有initialize()、seed()、terminate()、value()、normal()、random()、string()等几个函数,但value()是最常用的,下面依次介绍各个函数的详细用法:

1.dbms_random.value方法

第一种:FUNCTION value RETURN NUMBER;

说明:

这种用法没有参数,会返回一个具有38位精度的数值,范围从0.0到1.0,,但不包括1.0。

示例:

BEGIN
  FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
    dbms_output.put_line(round(dbms_random.value * 100));
  END LOOP;
END;

 

说明:

示例:

BEGIN
  FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
    dbms_output.put_line(trunc(dbms_random.value(1,101)));
  END LOOP;
END;

结果:

2. dbms_random.string 方法

 

说明:

参数:

opt

'u', 'U' - returning string in uppercase alpha characters

'l', 'L' - returning string in lowercase alpha characters

'a', 'A' - returning string in mixed case alpha characters

len

表示返回的字符串长度。

示例:

SELECT dbms_random.string('P',8) FROM dual;

结果:

 

说明:

示例:

SELECT dbms_random.random FROM dual;

结果:

备注:dbms_random.value 和 dbms_random.random 两者之间有什么区别?

1、Order By dbms_random.value ,为结果集的每一行计算一个随机数,dbms_random.value 是结果集的一个列(虽然这个列并不在select list 中),然后根据该列排序,得到的顺序自然就是随机的啦。

2、value返回的是number类型,并且返回的值介于1和0之间,而random返回的是BINARY_INTEGER类型(以二进制形式存储的数字,据说运算的效率高于number但我没测试过,但取值范围肯定小于number,具体限制得查资料了)

 

4. dbms_random.normal方法

 

说明:

示例:

BEGIN
  FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
    dbms_output.put_line(round(dbms_random.normal));
  END LOOP;
END;

结果:

 

说明:

用于生成一个随机数种子,设置种子的目的是可以复生成随机数,用于调试。否则每次不同,难以调度。

示例:

结果(不管执行多少次都不变):

linux

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