Oracle之DBMS_RANDOM 包用法详解
dbms_random是一个可以生成随机数值或者字符串的程序包。这个包有initialize()、seed()、terminate()、value()、normal()、rando
dbms_random是一个可以生成随机数值或者字符串的程序包。
这个包有initialize()、seed()、terminate()、value()、normal()、random()、string()等几个函数,但value()是最常用的,下面依次介绍各个函数的详细用法:
1.dbms_random.value方法
第一种:FUNCTION value RETURN NUMBER;
说明:
这种用法没有参数,会返回一个具有38位精度的数值,范围从0.0到1.0,,但不包括1.0。
示例:
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(round(dbms_random.value * 100));
END LOOP;
END;
说明:
示例:
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(trunc(dbms_random.value(1,101)));
END LOOP;
END;
结果:
2. dbms_random.string 方法
说明:
参数:
opt :
■ 'u', 'U' - returning string in uppercase alpha characters
■ 'l', 'L' - returning string in lowercase alpha characters
■ 'a', 'A' - returning string in mixed case alpha characters
len :
表示返回的字符串长度。
示例:
SELECT dbms_random.string('P',8) FROM dual;
结果:
说明:
示例:
SELECT dbms_random.random FROM dual;
结果:
备注:dbms_random.value 和 dbms_random.random 两者之间有什么区别?
1、Order By dbms_random.value ,为结果集的每一行计算一个随机数,dbms_random.value 是结果集的一个列(虽然这个列并不在select list 中),然后根据该列排序,得到的顺序自然就是随机的啦。
2、value返回的是number类型,并且返回的值介于1和0之间,而random返回的是BINARY_INTEGER类型(以二进制形式存储的数字,据说运算的效率高于number但我没测试过,但取值范围肯定小于number,具体限制得查资料了)
4. dbms_random.normal方法
说明:
示例:
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(round(dbms_random.normal));
END LOOP;
END;
结果:
说明:
用于生成一个随机数种子,设置种子的目的是可以复生成随机数,用于调试。否则每次不同,难以调度。
示例:
结果(不管执行多少次都不变):

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